Ricerca

... Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 1 Elementary German Language and Culture By Joerg Meindl Lebanon Valley College Supported by a PA GOAL Grant Open Educational Resource Published under the license CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ You are free to: Share copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format Adapt remix, transform, and build upon the material The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. The creation of this work was supported by a PA Grants for Open and Affordable Learning (PA GOAL). Thank you to the GOAL program and Sara Parme for the support. Note: The documents can be navigated via the links in the table of contents. As Word document, you can also use the navigation pane by going to the View pane and enable Navigation Pane Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 2 Table of Contents Overview of Topics, Vocabulary, Grammar ................................................................................................. 6 Lektion 1 ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 Communication & Vocabulary - Exercises ............................................................................................... 8 Grammar Exercises .............................................................................................................................. 9 Regular Verbs ...................................................................................................................................... 9 Verbs sein & haben ...................................................................................................................... 9 Word Order ......................................................................................................................................... 9 Alphabet & Numbers Exercises .......................................................................................................... 10 Culture & Language .............................................................................................................................. 10 Materials: Grammar Information Lektion 1 .......................................................................................... 11 Materials: Vocabulary ........................................................................................................................... 14 Numbers and Alphabet ..................................................................................................................... 17 Lektion 2 ................................................................................................................................................... 19 Communication & Vocabulary - Exercises ............................................................................................. 19 Grammar Exercises ............................................................................................................................ 19 Noun Genders ................................................................................................................................... 19 Imperative ......................................................................................................................................... 20 Verbs with Vowel Change ................................................................................................................. 20 Verbs with or without Vowel Change ............................................................................................... 20 Culture & Language .............................................................................................................................. 21 Review du vs. Sie ........................................................................................................................ 21 Holidays ............................................................................................................................................ 21 The German Reunification ................................................................................................................ 22 Oktoberfest ....................................................................................................................................... 22 Materials: Grammar Information Lektion 2 .......................................................................................... 23 Definite Articles & Noun Genders ..................................................................................................... 23 Verbs with Vowel Change ................................................................................................................. 24 Imperative ......................................................................................................................................... 25 Ordinal Numbers ............................................................................................................................... 26 Connecting Sentences with und(and) and denn (because) ........................................................ 27 Materials: Vocabulary ........................................................................................................................... 28 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 3 Lektion 3 ................................................................................................................................................... 30 Communication & Vocabulary - Exercises ............................................................................................. 30 Grammar Exercises ............................................................................................................................ 31 Review Verb Forms ........................................................................................................................... 31 Articles .............................................................................................................................................. 31 Possessive Articles (in Nominative) ................................................................................................... 31 Articles: Various Types ...................................................................................................................... 32 Accusative Case ................................................................................................................................. 32 Imperative Formal Imperative (Sg. & Pl.), Informal Singular .......................................................... 32 Verbs with or without Vowel Change - Review ................................................................................. 33 Culture & Language .............................................................................................................................. 33 Popular Food Items ........................................................................................................................... 33 Fast-Food .......................................................................................................................................... 34 Bio-Lebensmittel (Organic Food) ...................................................................................................... 34 Materials: Grammar Information Lektion 3 .......................................................................................... 35 I) Definite and indefinite articles ....................................................................................................... 35 II) Article "kein" (english "no") .......................................................................................................... 35 III) Possessive articles in singular ...................................................................................................... 36 Materials: Vocabulary ........................................................................................................................... 38 Lektion 4 ................................................................................................................................................... 41 Communication & Vocabulary - Exercises ............................................................................................. 41 Grammar Exercises ............................................................................................................................ 42 Articles: Review and kein ............................................................................................................... 42 Articles: Various Types ...................................................................................................................... 42 Accusative Case ................................................................................................................................. 42 Yes/No-Questions ............................................................................................................................. 42 The Verb mchte (Would like to [have]) ........................................................................................ 42 Culture & Language .............................................................................................................................. 43 Spoken Standard German ................................................................................................................. 43 The Euro and Swiss Francs ................................................................................................................ 44 Materials: Grammar Information Lektion 4 .......................................................................................... 46 Materials: Vocabulary ........................................................................................................................... 47 Lektion 5 ................................................................................................................................................... 50 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 4 Communication & Vocabulary Exercises ............................................................................................ 50 Days of the week ............................................................................................................................... 50 Telling Time....................................................................................................................................... 50 Parts of the Day ................................................................................................................................ 51 Grammar Exercises ............................................................................................................................ 51 Possessive Articles Nominative & Accusative................................................................................. 51 Separable Prefix Verbs ...................................................................................................................... 51 Culture & Language .............................................................................................................................. 52 Clubs for Sports and Hobbies (Vereine) ............................................................................................ 52 November 9 in German History ........................................................................................................ 52 Materials: Grammar Information Lektion 5 .......................................................................................... 52 Verbal bracket & separable prefix verbs ........................................................................................... 52 Materials: Vocabulary ........................................................................................................................... 54 Lektion 6 ................................................................................................................................................... 56 Communication & Vocabulary - Exercises ............................................................................................. 56 Review Conversation Phrases ........................................................................................................... 56 Grammar Exercises ............................................................................................................................ 57 Personal Pronouns in Accusative ...................................................................................................... 57 Imperative Plural, Informal ............................................................................................................... 57 Modal Verbs drfen, knnen, mssen ........................................................................................... 57 Culture & Language .............................................................................................................................. 58 Rules Cultural Differences .............................................................................................................. 58 Dates of Holidays .............................................................................................................................. 59 Nikolaus and Christmas ..................................................................................................................... 61 Materials: Grammar Information Lektion 6 .......................................................................................... 62 Personal Pronouns in Accusative ...................................................................................................... 62 Imperative Plural, Informal ............................................................................................................... 62 Modal verbs knnen, drfen, mssen ........................................................................................... 63 Materials: Vocabulary ........................................................................................................................... 64 Appendix: Worksheets .............................................................................................................................. 66 Worksheet 1...................................................................................................................................... 66 Worksheet 2...................................................................................................................................... 67 Worksheet 3...................................................................................................................................... 68 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 5 Worksheet 4...................................................................................................................................... 69 Worksheet 5...................................................................................................................................... 71 Worksheet 6...................................................................................................................................... 72 Worksheet 7...................................................................................................................................... 73 Worksheet 8...................................................................................................................................... 74 Worksheet 9...................................................................................................................................... 75 Worksheet 10.................................................................................................................................... 76 Worksheet 11.................................................................................................................................... 77 Worksheet 12.................................................................................................................................... 80 Worksheet 13.................................................................................................................................... 81 Worksheet 14.................................................................................................................................... 83 Worksheet 15.................................................................................................................................... 84 Worksheet 16.................................................................................................................................... 85 Worksheet 17.................................................................................................................................... 88 Worksheet 18.................................................................................................................................... 90 Worksheet 19.................................................................................................................................... 93 Worksheet 20.................................................................................................................................... 94 Worksheet 21.................................................................................................................................... 98 Worksheet 22.................................................................................................................................. 100 Worksheet 23.................................................................................................................................. 102 Worksheet 24.................................................................................................................................. 106 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 6 Overview of Topics, Vocabulary, Grammar Lektion 1: Starting Conversations, Formality, Where German is spoken Topics German speaking countries & regions Regional greetings Formal vs. informal address Communication & Vocabulary Greetings First questions and answers about a person Alphabet Numbers Grammar Nouns & Co. Personal pronouns in nominative case Verbs Regular verb forms Verb sein (to be) Verb haben (to have) Lektion 2: Formality ctd., Dates, Holidays & Oktoberfest Topics Dates of major holidays Oktoberfest The German Reunification & the Berlin Wall Communication & Vocabulary Ordinal numbers Months More questions and answers about a person Grammar Nouns & Co. Definite articles Noun genders Noun plurals Verbs Verbs with vowel change Imperative: + Formal address, singular and plural + Informal address, singular Word order & syntax: Verb in second position Verb in first position Connecting sentences with und and denn Communication & Vocabulary Food and drink items Dining out Colors Ordering and paying Expressing preferences with gern Grammar Nouns & Co. Indefinite articles Possessive articles Introduction to Accusative Lektion 3: Food and Dining Out Topics Food & Dining out Euro and Swiss Francs, part one Popular dishes Fast-Food Bio-food Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 7 Lektion 4: Dining Out, continued; The Euro and Swiss Francs - Symbolism Topics Dining out paying The symbolism of Euro and Swiss Francs Features of Spoken Standard German Communication & Vocabulary Ordering and paying in a restaurant Features of Spoken German Politeness: using mchte Grammar Nouns & Co. Yes/No-Questions The article kein Accusative Case for Direct Objects Verbs mchte Lektion 5: Daily Activities; Hobbies and Clubs; November 9 Topics Daily Activities Hobbies Clubs (Vereine) November 9 A Fateful Day in German History Communication & Vocabulary Talking about your hobbies Verbs for daily activities Telling time Grammar Nouns & Co. Possessive Articles in Nominative and Accusative Verbs Separable Prefix Verbs Lektion 6: Rules, Nikolaus and Christmas Topics Rules and cultural differences Holidays in December: Nikolaus and Christmas Nikolaus & Santa Claus Communication & Vocabulary Expressing what one must, can, or is (not) allowed to do The pronoun man Review: Phrases for Conversations Grammar Nouns & Co. Imperative Plural, Informal Personal Pronouns in Accusative Verbs Modal Verbs knnen, drfen, mssen Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 8 Lektion 1 Topics German speaking countries & regions Regional greetings Formal vs. informal address Communication & Vocabulary Greetings First questions and answers about a person Alphabet Numbers Communication & Vocabulary - Exercises See worksheets in Appendix: Worksheet 2 Worksheet 3 Worksheet 5 Exercises online: 1002 -- L1: Vocabulary asking for personal info & issues understanding https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291662973113376508 1003 -- L1: Vocabulary review first verbs and questions https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291662981275451678 1004 -- L1: Vocabulary Personal information: questions and answers https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291662983408889578 1005 -- L1: Vocabulary - Wie geht's? https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291662990110613988 1011 -- L1: : Phone Numbers (listen and write) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666549848669918 1017 -- L1: Regional Greetings https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666619789375498 Grammar Nouns & Co. Personal pronouns in nominative case Verbs Regular verb forms Verb sein (to be) Verb haben (to have) Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Grammar Exercises Regular Verbs See worksheets in Appendix: Worksheet 6 Exercises online: 1009 -- L1: Regular Verbs https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291665621737261068 1141 -- L1: Verb Forms https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291669897685616808 Verbs sein & haben 1007 L1: sein - forms in singular https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291665607006476088 1008 L1: sein - forms in plural https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291665609198097498 1010 -- L1: Verb Forms "sein" (to be) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291665622784133058 1012 -- L1: "sein" -- Verb Forms https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666554714944928 1014 -- L1: "sein" and "haben" - Verb Forms https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666559093735288 1080 - L1: Verb Forms of "sein" and "haben" https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291545706324551268 1028 L1: "sein" and "haben" - Verb Forms https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667459223294188 Word Order See worksheets in Appendix: Worksheet 12 9 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 10 Alphabet & Numbers Exercises 1015 -- L1: Spelling (City Names) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666601013312748 1092 -- L1: Spelling (City Names) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291112968638743178 1139 -- L1: Numbers 1-100 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291669878774477498 1140 -- L1: Phone numbers https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291669889716876988 Culture & Language Countries with German as an official language sorted by number of German speakers: Deutschland Germany. About 83 million inhabitants. sterreich - Austria. About 9 million inhabitants. Die Schweiz Switzerland. About 8.6 million inhabitants. Switzerland has four official languages: German, French, Italian, Romansh (German speakers mainly live in one part of Switzerland) Belgium has German as an official language besides French and Dutch, but German is only spoken by about 100,000 speakers (only 0.7% of Belgians live in the German-dominated regions of Belgium; Source: http://www.bpb.de/publikationen/8FGXY3,0,0,Benelux.html, p.4) Luxemburg - Luxembourg has three official languages: Luxembourgish, German, French Liechtenstein (Frstentum Liechtenstein) Liechtenstein (Principality of Liechtenstein). About A region with German as official language: Sdtirol (South Tyrol): German is official language in one province of Italy: Sdtirol/Alto Adige (Italian is also official language there) Location: See worksheets in Appendix: Worksheet 1 Worksheet 4 Worksheet 7 Worksheet 8 Worksheet 9 Worksheet 11 Worksheet 20 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 11 Exercises Online: 1078 -- L1: "du" vs. "Sie" https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291120129352181388 1088 -- L1: Regional Greetings https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291108884290030368 Materials: Grammar Information Lektion 1 Noun Genders German nouns are grouped in 3 genders, indicated in the article. For example, the article "the" in German takes 3 forms: der/die/das: masculine nouns: der Name [the name] feminine nouns: die Zahl [the numbers] neuter nouns: das Alter [the age] There is no logic in assigning gender to items (for example, no reason why a "table" is masculine or a "lamp" is feminine). -- You have to study the gender with the noun! The vocabulary list groups nouns by gender. However: nouns for people nearly always have the same gender than the biological gender (e.g., male professor: der Professor = masculine noun. -- female professor: die Professorin = feminine noun). Personal Pronouns Grimm's Grammar - look for: Pronomen im Nominativ (Link): http://coerll.utexas.edu/gg/gr/pro_01.html Verbs: General overview What are verbs? Why do the change their forms? Grimm's Grammar (Link): http://coerll.utexas.edu/gg/gr/v_01.html Verb forms: regular verbs German verbs change the ending depending on the subject (the person or thing doing something). For example, the verb kommen (to come). Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 12 Der Professor kommt. (The professor comes). The subject is der Professor (the professor, or he/she/it). The verb ends on -t. Ich komme zu der Party. (I come to the party). The subject is ich (I). The verb ends on -e. Here are all the verb endings in present tense for the regular verb kommen (to come). In the unchanged form (a.k.a., the Infinitive form), nearly all German verbs end in -en. If the stem (main part without ending) of the verb ends on "s" or "", no the "du"-ending does not get another "s" - see below, for the verb heien (to be called). More detailed information at Grimm Grammar (Link): https://coerll.utexas.edu/gg/gr/v_02.html Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 13 Verb forms: 'sein' (to be) The forms for the verb sein (to be) are irregular. See the chart below or at Grimm Grammar (Link): https://coerll.utexas.edu/gg/gr/vi_11.html Verb forms: 'haben' (to have) The verb 'haben' is regular, except the missing "b" in the form for "du hast" and "er/sie/es hat" See the chart below or at Grimm Grammar (Link): https://coerll.utexas.edu/gg/gr/vi_05.html Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 14 Materials: Vocabulary How to read the vocabulary lists: Nouns are listed with the plural ending (der Nachbar, -n plural is Nachbarn) or full plural form, if more than the ending changes, Verbs are listed with Infinitive (unchanged basic form in present tense) and other forms needed to use them. The additional forms are: - Separable prefix verbs: the er/sie/es form is added in brackets, to show how the verb splits up. For example: einkaufen (kauft ein), eingekauft (kauft ein) is the Present Tense form for er/sie/es, eingekauft is the Past Participle needed to from Present Perfect Tense. - Weak Verbs only with Infinitive and Present Perfect Tense form because Simple Past is formed regularly - Strong Verbs list Infinitive, Simple Past, and Present Perfect Tense forms; If a verb has a vowel change in Present Tense, it is shown by listing the er/sie/es form in brackets: fahren (fhrt), fuhr, ist gefahren (fhrt) is the Present tense with vowel change; cowel change occurs only in the forms for du and er/sie/es - Present Perfect Tense forms are the last forms listed. Most verbs form Present Perfect Tense with haben as auxiliary verb, so this is not listed. If a verb forms Present Perfect Tense with sein, this is indicated by adding ist examples: einkaufen (kauft ein), eingekauft Present Perfect Tense is Ich habe eingekauft. Fahren (fhrt), fuhr, ist gefahren Present Perfect Tense is Ich bin gefahren. Nomen Maskulin der Nachbar, -n der Studentenausweis Nouns Masculine neighbor (male) student ID card Feminin die Antwort, -en die Frage, -n die Hausnummer, -n die Nachbarin, -nen* die Nummer, -n die Postleitzahl, -en die Strae, -n die Telefonnummer, -n die Zahl, -en Feminine answer question house number neighbor (female) specific number (phone, house) ZIP code street phone number number Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Neutrum das Alphabet, -e das Beispiel, -e das Hauptfach, Hauptfcher das Hobby, -s the das Nebenfach, -fcher das (Studenten)wohnheim, -e Neuter alphabet example major hobby minor dormitory Countries with German as an official language (except the USA) Country names are usually not used with articles: Belgien Belgium Deutschland Germany Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Luxemburg Luxembourg sterreich Austria With article: die Schweiz die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika/ die USA (Plural!) (colloquial: Amerika / die Staaten) Switzerland Verben Schwache Verben antworten, geantwortet buchstabieren, buchstabiert fragen, gefragt hren, gehrt lernen, gelernt studieren, studiert wohnen (in), gewohnt Verbs Weak verbs to answer, to respond to spell to ask to listen to learn, to study (homework, for a test, etc.) to study (major in; study at university) to live, to reside (in) Starke Verben heien, hie, geheien kommen (aus), kam, ist gekommen Strong verbs to be called to come (from) Andere Verben sein (er/sie ist), war, ist gewesen haben (er/sie hat), hatte, hat gehabt Other verbs to be to have Frage-Wrter was? wer? wie? Question words what? who? how? The United States of America 15 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 16 wo? woher? where? where from? Andere Wrter auch bitte danke Frau (Guten Tag, Frau Maier!) Herr (Guten Tag, Herr Snchez!) ja / nein und Other Words also please thank you Mrs. (Good day, Mrs. Maier!) Mr. (Good day, Mr. Snchez!) yes / no and Ausdrcke Bei Problemen Entschuldigung? Ich wei nicht. Ich verstehe nicht. Knnten Sie das wiederholen, bitte? Knnten Sie das buchstabieren, bitte? Was heit das auf Deutsch/Englisch? Was heit table auf Deutsch? Wie bitte? Expressions If problems occur Excuse me? I do not know. I do not understand. Could you repeat, please? Could you spell this, please? What does that mean in German/English? What is table in German? Pardon me? Begrungen & Verabschiedungen Hallo! Guten Morgen! Guten Tag! Guten Abend ! Auf Wiedersehen! Gute Nacht! Tschs! Bis morgen. Greetings & good-byes Hello! Good morning. Hello (good day). Good evening. Goodbye! (formal) Good night! Bye! (informal) See you tomorrow. Jemanden kennenlernen Freut mich! Angenehm. Danke. Bitte. Entschuldigung (Es) tut mir leid. Ja, bitte. Nein, danke. To meet someone Pleased to meet you. Pleased to meet you. Thank you. Please / You are welcome. Excuse me I am sorry Yes, please. No, thank you. Persnliche Informationen Wie heit du? / Wie heien Sie? Wie ist dein Name? / Wie ist Ihr Name? Ich heie Personal information Whats your name? (informal/formal) Whats your name? (informal/formal) My name is Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 17 Ich bin Mein Name ist ... Woher kommst du? / Woher kommen Sie? Ich komme aus ... Ich komme aus den U.S.A. Wo wohnst du? / Wo wohnen Sie? Ich wohne in ... Ich wohne in den U.S.A. Was ist dein Beruf? / Was ist Ihr Beruf? Ich bin Student/Studentin Wie alt bist du? Wie alt sind Sie? Ich bin achtzehn (Jahre alt). Was ist Ihre Adresse? I am My name is ... Where are you from? (informal/formal) I come from ... I come from the United States. Where do you live? I live in ... I live in the United States. What is your profession? (informal/formal) I am a student (m)/(f) How old are you? (informal/formal) I am 18 (years old). What is your address? Wie gehts? Wie geht es Ihnen? Sehr gut, danke! (Es geht mir) gut. Ausgezeichnet! (Es geht mir) nicht so gut. Ich bin mde. How are you? (informal) How are you? (formal) Very well, thanks. Im doing great! Excellent! Im not feeling well. Im tired. Numbers and Alphabet Audios: Link: The alphabet at Deutsch im Blick" (UTexas) Link: Alphabet with sample words at Deutsch im Blick (UTexas) Link: Numbers at Deutsch im Blick (UTexas) 1138 L1: The Alphabet Audio -- Read along with the alphabet below https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291669864990662328 Alphabet A B C D E F G H I A Be Ce De E eF Ge Ha I P Q R S T U V W X Y Pe Ku eR eS Te U Vau We iX Ypsilon Zett = A-Umlaut = O-Umlaut = U-Umlaut J K L M N O Jott Ka eL eM eN O Z = eS-Zett Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 18 Zahlen (numbers) 20 zwanzig 0 null 30 dreiig 1 eins 40 vierzig 2 zwei 50 fnfzig 3 drei 69 sechzig 4 vier 70 siebzig 5 fnf 80 achtzig 6 sechs 90 neunzig 7 sieben 100 (ein)hundert 8 acht 9 neun 10 zehn 101 200 hundert(und)eins zweihundert 213 zweihundertdreizehn 300 dreihundert 11 elf 21 einundzwanzig 12 zwlf 32 zweiunddreiig 13 dreizehn 44 vierundvierzig 14 vierzehn 55 fnfundfnfzig 15 fnfzehn 66 sechsundsechzig 16 sechzehn 77 siebenundsiebzig 17 siebzehn 88 achtundachtzig 18 achtzehn 99 neunundneunzig 19 neunzehn 1.000 (ein)tausend 2.000 zweitausend 10.000 zehntausend 100.000 (ein)hundertausend 200.000 zweihundertausend Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 19 Lektion 2 Topics Dates of major holidays Oktoberfest The German Reunification & the Berlin Wall Communication & Vocabulary Ordinal numbers Months More questions and answers about a person Communication & Vocabulary - Exercises 1126 -- L2: Vocabulary Address https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291437093941508838 Grammar Exercises Noun Genders 1032 -- L2: Noun Genders - Mark the Gender https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667541903365448 1086 L2: Noun Genders https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291103536347747088 1090 -- L2: Noun Genders - Mark the gender https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291119898834236718 1094 -- L2: Noun Genders https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291113928836683968 1127 -- L2: Noun Genders https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291437087787229828 Grammar Nouns & Co. Definite articles Noun genders Noun plurals Verbs Verbs with vowel change Imperative: + Formal address, singular and plural + Informal address, singular Word order & syntax: Verb in second position Verb in first position Connecting sentences with und and denn Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 1106 L2 - Articles and Genders https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291459454148215228 Imperative 1019 -- L2: Imperative vs. Statement https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666704191787758 1022 -- L2: Imperative, Informal Singular https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666708449212218 1081 -- L2: Imperative - Formal address https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291113951839265688 1091 -- L2: Imperative, Informal Singular, no vowel changes https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291113948752662838 1095 -- L2: Imperative - Informal Singular, verbs with vowel change. https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291113945116629468 Verbs with Vowel Change 1018 -- L2: Verbs with Vowel Change https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666607141379928 1093 -- L2: Verbs with Vowel Change https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291116696554576278 Verbs with or without Vowel Change 1013 L1: Verb Forms "kommen, heien, sprechen" https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666556259386648 1020 -- L2: Verbs with Vowel Change https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666705865568258 1021 -- L2: Verbs with Vowel Change 2 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666706802074358 1023 -- L2: Verb Forms with and without Vowel Change https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666709540380308 20 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 1024 -- L2: Verb Forms with and without Vowel Change https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666712871604588 1025 -- L2: Verb forms with and without Vowel Change (L1 & 2) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666716478781078 1026 -- L2: Verb forms (L 1 & 2) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291666722776438288 1029 L2: Verb Forms, Verbs Lektion 2 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667461901562368 1087 -- L2: Verb forms - with and without vowel change (Lektionen 1 & 2) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291119912120889888 Culture & Language Review du vs. Sie 1030 -- L2: Culture and Language - "du" vs. "Sie" https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667530676494728 Holidays Know the dates and what is celebrated for Search the web! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. International Labor Day (May 1) The German national holiday (October 3) The Austrian national holiday (October 26) The Swiss national holiday (August 1) Nikolaus (December 6) Silvester (December 31) 21 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 The German Reunification Exercise A) Reunification on October 3, 1990 Work with Worksheet 14 (see Appendix) Answer the questions based on the text "West Germany, East Germany reunite, Oct. 3, 1990" (at Politico.com) Link: https://www.politico.com/story/2012/10/this-day-in-politics-081922 Exercise B) The Berlin Wall Work with Worksheet 15 (see Appendix) Answer the questions based on the video Walled in (Youtube) Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OwQsTzGkbiY Oktoberfest Read the two texts linked below and answer the questions in the Worksheet 13 (See Appendix) Text 1: The History of the Oktoberfest Link: https://www.muenchen.de/int/en/events/oktoberfest/history.html Text 2: Press Release Business Impact Link: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V84VjbfEr2JwFgee6khLJFrVeABFhYF8/view?usp=sharing 22 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 23 Ausdrcke Wann ist dein/Ihr Geburtstag? Wann hast du/haben Sie Geburtstag? Mein Geburtstag ist der..(dreiigste April) Ich verstehe nicht. Entschuldigung der/die/das Lieblings...... der Lieblingsfilm die Lieblingsfarbe das Lieblingsbuch Expressions When is your birthday? When is your birthday? My birthday is the ...(thirtiest of April) I do not understand. excuse me; I am sorry. favorite .... favorite movie favorite color favorite book Ordinalzahlen eins der erste = the first zwei der zweite = the second drei der dritte = the third ... vier der vierte ... fnf der fnfte ... ... sechs der sechste ... sieben der siebte acht der achte ... Ordinal numbers zwanzig der zwanzigste einundzwanzig der einundzwanzigste dreiig der dreiigste Materials: Grammar Information Lektion 2 Definite Articles & Noun Genders The English article "the" is called a 'definite article' because it refers to a specific item (for example: "the book" means a specific book, opposed to "a book", which refers to any book). In German, nouns are in one of three categories, called "genders": masculine, feminine, and neuter. The German articles for nouns differ according to the gender of the noun: "the" translates to "der" for masculine, "die" for feminine, "das" for neuter. In plural, all nouns have the same article: "die" Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Verbs with Vowel Change You learned about verb forms in Lektion 1, with verbs that change the ending only. But there are also verbs that change a vowel: Verb lesen (to read) - (Link to Grimm Grammar: https://coerll.utexas.edu/gg/gr/vi_07.html) Verb fahren (to drive) (Link to Grimm Grammar: https://coerll.utexas.edu/gg/gr/vi_02.html) 24 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 25 Some verbs even change consonants: Verb nehmen (to take) - (Link to Grimm Grammar: https://coerll.utexas.edu/gg/gr/vi_08.html) The vowel change occurs only in the forms for "du" and "er/sie/es", no other forms. The vocabulary list shows the vowel change in brackets: fahren (er/sie fhrt), gefahren. The vocabulary list shows the example of "er/sie", apply this change also to the form for "du". Only verbs in the category 'strong verbs' can have vowel changes. Study the vowel change with the meaning of the verb! There is no way to recognize verbs with vowel change, you either have to know it or look it up. Imperative 'Imperative' is the type of sentences you use to tell someone what to do and give commands: Do the homework! = Mach die Hausaufgaben! Read the book! = Lies das Buch! When telling someone what to do or giving commands, you are talking directly to someone. Thus, in German you need to distinguish between formal and informal address. To form imperative in German: always have the verb in first position (like in English) Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 To get very detailed information on Imperative, see Grimm's Grammar. Link: https://coerll.utexas.edu/gg/gr/vimp_01.html Ordinal Numbers At this stage of the course, you should be able to provide your birthday. In order to do so, you need ordinal numbers: the first, second, third, .... Here are ordinal numbers in German, important elements marked in red: 26 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 27 Connecting Sentences with und(and) and denn (because) When connecting sentences with "und" [and], there is often no comma (unless the second sentence has a new subject). The connecting word "und" is not part of either sentence, thus it is not counted when determining the word order: When connecting sentences with "denn" [because], use a comma at the end of the first phrase (before the "denn"), start counting for word order after the "denn": Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Materials: Vocabulary Nomen Maskulin der Film, -e der Geburtstag, -e der Punkt, -e der Stift, -e Nouns Masculine movie birthday point, period, dot pen Feminin die Emailadresse, -n die (Fernseh)sendung, -en Feminine email address (t.v.) show Neutrum das Buch, Bcher das Papier, -e Neuter book paper Die Monate der Monat, -e The months month der Januar der Februar der Mrz der April der Mai der Juni der Juli der August der September der Oktober der November der Dezember January February March April May June July August September October November December Verben Schwache Verben arbeiten, gearbeitet brauchen, gebraucht machen, gemacht spielen, gespielt Verbs Weak verbs to work to need to make to play Starke Verben Strong verbs 28 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 essen (er/sie isst), gegessen fahren (er/sie fhrt), gefahren geben (er/sie gibt), gegeben laufen (er/sie luft), gelaufen) lesen (er/sie liest), gelesen nehmen (er/sie nimmt), genommen schreiben, geschrieben sprechen, (er/sie spricht), gesprochen verstehen, verstanden werden, (er/sie wird), geworden to eat to drive to give to run to read to take to write to speak to understand to become, to turn ... years old 29 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 30 Lektion 3 Topics Food & Dining out Euro and Swiss Francs, part one Popular dishes Fast-Food Bio-food Communication & Vocabulary Food and drink items Dining out Colors Ordering and paying Expressing preferences with gern Communication & Vocabulary - Exercises 1033 -- L3: Vocabulary L3 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667528610561968 1037 -- L3: Vocabulary - Dishes and Silverware https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667970133158328 1038 -- L3: Vocabulary Breakfast https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667971032075358 1039 -- L3: Vocabulary - In the Restaurant https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667972358294218 1040 -- L3: Vocabulary - Fruit and Vegetables https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667973807226178 1043 -- L3: Vocabulary - Masculine Nouns https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667980157868498 1044 -- L3: Possessive Articles https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667981448051628 1075 -- L3: Familie Vokabeln https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291455060465605258 1077 -- L3: Vocabulary food items https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291454975390013058 1120 -- L3: Vocabulary Masculine Nouns https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291465634944825828 Grammar Nouns & Co. Indefinite articles Possessive articles Introduction to Accusative Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 1125 -- L3: Vocabulary Relatives & Family https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291126885317391168 1070 - L3: "gern" & "nicht gern" https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291459491054839738 Grammar Exercises Review Verb Forms 1076 -- L3: Review Verb Forms (with and without vowel changes) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291455044819609738 1105 -- L3: Review Verb Forms L 1-3 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291459485445691828 Articles 1034 -- L3: Indefinite Articles https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667545469122308 1036 -- L3: Indefinite Articles https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667968876813258 1041 -- L3: Definite vs. Indefinite Articles https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667976597279928 1110 -- L3: Articles and Gender/Case Endings https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291454990379140448 Possessive Articles (in Nominative) 1042 -- L3: Possessive Articles https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667978014157978 1069 -- L3: Possessive Articles "mein/meine" & "dein/deine" https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291127025038436258 31 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 1073 -- L3: Possessive Articles "ein, mein, Ihr, sein/ihr" https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291128743913785378 1122 -- L3: Indefinite and Possessive Articles (Nominative) - Food and Beverages https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291459434942758458 Articles: Various Types 1045 -- L3: Indefinite and Possessive Articles https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667982793768608 1047 -- L3: Different Types of Articles https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667984492631128 Accusative Case 1046 -- L3: Nominative (subject) and Accusative (object) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667983641764588 1108 -- L3: Identify the Direct Objects (Accusative) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291454997537507158 1134 L3: Identify the Direct Object (Accusative) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291128766313270558 1135 -- L3: Identify the Direct Objects (Accusative) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291128760259697168 1109 -- L3: Sentences with Direct Objects (Accusative) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291127042676197998 Imperative Formal Imperative (Sg. & Pl.), Informal Singular 1071 -- L3: Imperative (Formal & Informal Singular) & Yes/No-questions https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291459477001753338 1072 -- L3: Review Imperative, Yes/No-Questions https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291455052987084288 32 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 33 Verbs with or without Vowel Change - Review 1076 -- L3: Review Verb Forms (with and without vowel changes) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291455044819609738 1105 -- L3: Review Verb Forms L 1-3 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291459485445691828 Culture & Language Popular Food Items Wiener Schnitzel Watch the video and answer the questions in Worksheet 16. You can stop and jump back in the video to listen several times to one part. To check your answers, you can use the transcript on page o First, you can read what Wiener Schnitzel is, at Wikipedia Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiener_schnitzel o Use Worksheet 16 (see Appendix) o Use the video Das perfekte Wiener Schnitzel at Deutsche Welle Link: https://p.dw.com/p/35JIQ Dner Worksheet 17 has questions about an interview with the alleged inventor of the Dner. o At the beginning of this commercial for a Dner stand, you can see what goes into a Dner Link to Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OyNgYY-KypI o You find the interview at the website of the newspaper Frankfurter Rundschau Link: https://www.fr.de/panorama/echt-zwiebeln-salat-11434861.html o Use Worksheet 17 (see Appendix) and answer the questions. You do not have to understand every word in the news paper article. Currywurst Worksheet 23 has questions about a video on Currywurst. Watch the video, read along with the worksheet, and provide the missing words or numbers. Alternatively: Worksheet 18 hast questions about a text. The text is linked below. It talks about a popular fastfood item named Currywurst. o Follow the link to get to the text. You only need pages 1 and 2 Link: https://static.dw.com/downloads/37180627/video-thema20170118-currywurst-gehtimmermanuskript.pdf Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 o o 34 Answer the questions in Worksheet 18 you do not have to understand every word to answer the questions. Watch the related video at DW.com and read along, to practice listening - Link: https://www.dw.com/de/currywurst-geht-immer/l-37178893 Fast-Food In Germany in 2016, the third-most visited fast-food restaurant, behind McDonalds and Burger King, was Nordsee. Search the web: what type of food does Nordsee sell? What is their slogan? Their website is at https://www.nordsee.com/de/ (Link) (The link to source for information: https://www.marktmeinungmensch.de/studien/marktanteile-der-fast-food-restaurants-in-dersyst/ ) Note: Customers give Nordsee the best score for food quality among fast-food restaurants (Link to the source for the information: https://de.statista.com/infografik/1111/bewertung-vonschnellrestaurants-nach-schulnoten/ What was the most popular fast-food item in Germany in 2012? You find the answer at the website of Statista - Link: https://de.statista.com/infografik/860/das-beliebteste-fast-food-derdeutschen/ Bio-Lebensmittel (Organic Food) Bio is a label for food that is supposed to be produced more environmentally friendly. You will find it in many supermarkets in German-speaking countries. However, the Bio-label does not have clear standards, different from food labeled organisch (organic). In Europe, Austria has the highest share of land that is used to produce Bio food: 21.3% of all farmlands in 2016. German farmers use only 6.8% of their land for Bio products. -- Link to the source: https://de.statista.com/infografik/14248/anteil-der-bio-agrarflaechen-ineuropa/ The share of Bio products in the food market remains small: In Austria about 10%, in Germany about 6% of the revenue for food, in 2021. You can see in these numbers that Bio food needs more land: 21% of land in Austria produces food that accounts only for 10% of the food market. Link to the source: https://bioinfo.at/bio-in-zahlen Note: Organic food in the USA accounts for about 6% of the food market revenue in 2020 -- Link to the source: https://www.statista.com/statistics/244393/share-of-organic-sales-in-theunited-states/ Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 35 Materials: Grammar Information Lektion 3 I) Definite and indefinite articles Articles like "der/die/das" (English "the") show whether the following noun is masculine ("der"), feminine ("die"), or neuter ("das"). Articles also show whether the following noun is singular or plural ("die" for all plurals). The articles "der/die/das" are called "definite articles" because they are used when talking about a specific item (e.g., that is known). The articles "ein/ein/ein" (English "a") are called "indefinite articles because they refer to any item. Example: "ein Buch" = a book, not a specific book. Indefinite articles show the gender of the following noun in their ending: with masculine or neuter nouns following, they have no ending, with a feminine noun following, they have an "-e" ending. For example: Masculine Feminine Neuter ein Apfel eine Orange ein Wasser (an apple) (an orange) (a water) Plural (no article) II) Article "kein" (english "no") Like the indefinite articles "ein/eine" or the possessive article (see below), the article "kein" (English "no") adds "-e" ending if the following noun is feminine or plural and uses "-n" for masculine nouns in accusative (singular only): Das ist kein Brot. (This is no bread). Das sind keine Brote. (These are no breads). Das ist keine Banane. (This is no banana). Das sind keine Bananen. (These are no bananas). Ich habe keinen Apfel. (I have no apple). Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 36 III) Possessive articles in singular Possessive articles express that something is owned by or belongs to someone, for example, my book or your book. Here are the possessive articles in German: Personal Pronouns Possessive Articles Deutsch Englisch ich mein(e) my du dein(e) your, informal Sie Ihr(e) your, formal er sein(e) his sie ihr(e) her es sein(e) its Possessive articles also show the gender of the following noun: with masculine or neuter nouns following, they have no ending, with a feminine noun following, they have an "-e" ending. For example: my her masculine feminine neuter mein Apfel meine Orange mein Wasser (my apple) (my orange) (my water) ihr Apfel ihre Orange ihr Wasser (her apple) (her orange) (her water) IV) Word order with "gern" / "nicht gern" "gern" (like to) & "nicht" (not): Was essen Sie gern? Was essen Sie nicht gern? Ich esse gern Fisch. / Ich esse nicht gern Brokkoli. Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 37 V) Direct Objects (Accusative case) The subject of a sentence: In a sentence, there is usually a person/thing doing something: "Der Professor trinkt." (The professor drinks.) -- "Das Auto fhrt." (The car drives.) The person/thing doings something is called the subject of the sentence. The direct object: Some actions are done to someone/something: "Der Professor trinkt ein Bier." (The professor drinks a beer.) -- "Das Auto trifft den Baum." (The car hits the tree.) The person/thing at the receiving end of an action is called direct object. If the direct object is a masculine noun in singular, its article gets an -n/-en ending: "Das Auto trifft den Baum." (The car hits the tree.) "Das Auto trifft einen Baum." (The car hits a tree.) "Das Auto trifft meinen Baum." (The car hits my tree.) Different from English, the direct object in German sentences can be in various positions (English requires to first mention the subject, then the object). " Keinen Baum trifft das Auto trifft." = "Das Auto trifft keinen Baum." (The car hits notree.) Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 38 Materials: Vocabulary A) Family -- Familie Nomen (nouns) Maskulin Masculine der Bruder, Brder der Freund, -e * der Grovater, Grovter der Mann, Mnner (der Ehemann, -mnner) * der Onkel, der Opa, -s der Papa, -s der Vater, Vter der Verwandte, -n brother male friend, boyfriend grandfather man, husband uncle grandpa daddy father male relative Feminin Feminine die Familie, -n die Frau, -en (die Ehefrau, -frauen) die Freundin, -nen * die Gromutter, Gromtter die Mutter, Mtter die Schwester, -n die Tante, -n die Verwandte, -n die Verwandtschaft die Wohngemeinschaft, -en * family woman, wife female friend, girlfriend grandmother mother sister aunt female relative relatives people sharing their residence Neutrum Neuter das Baby, -s das Kind, -er baby child Plural Plural only die Eltern die Geschwister die Groeltern parents siblings grandparents Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 39 Adjektive Adjectives alleinstehend geboren (Wann bist du geboren?) geschieden getrennt (getrennt leben) ledig single tot verheiratet verlobt living alone, on ones own, single born divorced separately (to live seperately) unmarried single dead married engaged B) Essen & Trinken Nomen Nouns Maskulin Masculine der Apfel, pfel der Fisch, -e der Hamburger, der Kaffee, -s der Kuchen, der Kse, der Saft, Sfte der Salat, -e der Tee, -s der Wein, -e der Zucker apple fish hamburger coffee cake cheese juice salad, lettuce tea wine sugar Feminin Feminine die Bratwurst, Bratwrste die Kartoffel, -n die Marmelade, -n die Milch die Nudel, -n die Orange, -n die Pizza, Pizzen die Sahne, -n die Schorle, -n die Suppe, -n die Wurst, Wrste die Zitrone, -n die Zwiebel, -n brats potato jelly, jam milk noodle, pasta orange pizza (whipped) cream spritzer soup sausage lemon onion Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 40 Neutrum Neuter das Bier, -e das Brot, -e das Brtchen, das Ei, Eier das Fleisch das Gemse, das Hhnchen, das Rind(fleisch) das Schnitzel, das Schwein(efleisch) das Tofu das Wasser, - beer bread hard roll egg meat vegetables chicken beef schnitzel, cutlet pork tofu water Plural only die Pommes Frites French fries Verben Verbs Starke Verben Strong verbs essen (er/sie isst), gegessen trinken (er/sie trinkt), getrunken to eat to drink Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 41 Lektion 4 Topics Dining out paying The symbolism of Euro and Swiss Francs Features of Spoken Standard German Communication & Vocabulary Ordering and paying in a restaurant Features of Spoken German Politeness: using mchte Communication & Vocabulary - Exercises 1049 -- L4: Vocabulary L3 & L4 - Coffee and Cake https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667993666992288 1050 -- L4: Vocabulary - Verbs L 3 & 4 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667994688369728 1051 -- L4: Nouns L 3 & 4 Flashcards https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668121427087578 1052 -- L4: Verbs & Nouns L 3 & 4 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668123517580468 1055 -- L4: Nouns L 3 & 4 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668129152315088 1074 -- L4: Feminine Nouns https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291465632875141038 1117 L4: Vocabulary: Paying and Giving Tips in a Restaurant https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291469104468855978 Grammar Nouns & Co. Yes/No-Questions The article kein Accusative Case for Direct Objects Verbs mchte Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Grammar Exercises Articles: Review and kein 1136 -- L4: Indefinite & Possessive Articles & "kein" (Nominative & Accusative) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291127082934500238 1137 -- L4: Indefinite & Possessive Articles & "kein" (Nominative & Accusative) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291125286500478488 Articles: Various Types 1053 -- L4: Articles, mixed https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668125160531148 Accusative Case 1048 -- L4: Direct Objects (Accusative Case) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667992204803728 1056 -- L4: Subject vs. Direct Object https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668130910962898 Yes/No-Questions 1105 -- L4: Yes/No-Questions https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291127031062054268 The Verb mchte (Would like to [have]) 1054 -- L4: Verb Forms of "mchte" https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668127183555828 42 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 43 Culture & Language Spoken Standard German A) Worksheet 24 asks questions about a dialog in caf. Complete Worksheet 24, then read section B for an analysis of the language you encountered in the dialog. B) When people speak in an everyday situation, they do not exactly speak like the more formal written Standard German. Below is a link to a dialog in a street caf, in Youtube. The dialog is performed by actors and scripted for learners, but the actors speak fairly natural. You can observe a few features of spoken Standard German: In the first segment, the waitress uses "ham wir" instead of "haben wir" (for English we have) -- like English "can't" instead of "cannot". Twice, people drop the last letter: "nich" instead of "nicht" (English "not") & "nehm ich" instead of "nehme ich" (I take). Listen and read along! Link to the video at Youtube: https://youtu.be/E7RlLxU6Yek?t=16 Kellnerin: Frau: Mann: Kellnerin: Frau: Kellnerin: Frau: Kellnerin: Guten Tag. Guten Tag. Hallo. Was darf ich Ihnen bringen? Hmm, ich mchte einen Pfefferminztee. Pfefferminztee ham [haben] wir leider nich. Okay, dann nehm ich einen Cappuccino. Mh. Later, we hear two more times the dropped -e in "nehm' " instead of "nehme" and also "ein" is reduced to " 'n " Gut, dann nehm' ich ein Stck Ksekuchen. Gut, einen Ksekuchen - und fr Sie auch einen Kuchen? Hmm, ich nehm' 'n Stck Apfelkuchen. The shortening of nicht and ein/eine is very common and also has regional differences. Click on the links and look at the maps from the research project Atlas Alltagssprache the maps show what people claim to say instead of nicht or ein/eine Link to the map with nicht: https://www.atlas-alltagssprache.de/runde-2/f25e/ Link to the maps for ein and eine: https://www.atlas-alltagssprache.de/runde-5/f18a-b/ 1. Where is "nich" (without -t ending) common? 2. What is the second-most common replacement for nicht? It is shown with blue dots? Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 44 3. Are there many people who claim to use in speaking nicht and ein/eine unchanged, the way they would write it (without dropping endings or other vowels)? Now answer the questions in the exercise linked below: 1121 L4: Language Variation, Spoken vs. Written Standard - Dialog in a Street Caf https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291465660442487058 The Euro and Swiss Francs Euro & Cent (EUR) -- in Deutschland, sterreich, Luxemburg und der Euro-Zone Euro coins have a common front side, but reverse sides differ depending on the country where they are produced similar to US Dollar quarters with different reverse sides for different states. The design countries selected shows what values or which people they find important and representative for the country. The banknotes have a common theme: architectural styles that have been developed in Europe and architectural elements that symbolize connections: bridges, arches, doors, windows. The architectural styles are shown chronologically, with the 5-Euro-banknote showing the oldest style (Roman), the 10Euro-banknote the next younger style (Romanesque), and so on. The European Central Bank provides images and descriptions for all coins and banknotes, explaining the symbolism: Euro coins, common front sides - Link: Common side of Euro coins (@ www.ecb.eu = European Central Bank) Euro coins, national reverse sides- Link: National sides of Euro coins (@ www.ecb.eu = European Central Bank) o Direct link: Coins minted in Austria o Direct link: Coins minted in Belgium o Direct link: Coins minted in Germany o Direct link: Coins minted in Luxembourg Euro banknotes - Link: Bank notes, design elements (@ www.ecb.eu = European Central Bank) Schweizer Franken (CHF) -- in der Schweiz und Liechtenstein The images on Swiss Francs also show virtues or ideas the Swiss identify with. The coins of Swiss Francs show symbolic figures, not real people (allegories), representing Alpine identity and values like freedom. The old generation of banknotes shows famous Swiss people, the new generation of banknote shows abstract concepts like creativity or organizational talent. Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Schweizer Franken Link to Coins (@ Swiss National Bank); Currency Symbol CHF; Symbolism below: o 5 Franken: Alpine herdsman o 2 Franken - 1/2 Franken: Helvetia (symbolizing Switzerland, after the Latin name of Switzerland) o 20-5 Rappen: Libertas Schweizer Franken: bank notes o Link: Link to the past and current banknotes, depicting famous Swiss citizens o Link: Link to the next generation of banknotes, depicting Swiss characteristics, virtues, skills Now answer the questions in the exercises below, with help from the information provided above, through links. 1032 -- L4: Euro and Swiss Francs https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291145156887551768 1118 L4: Euro Coins and their Symbolism https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291474917771092748 1119 L4: Euro Coins and their Symbolism 2 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291469165159500738 45 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 46 Materials: Grammar Information Lektion 4 Das Verb "mchte" (would like to have) Only one verb form is unusual: the er/sie/es-form ends in "-e" Singular Plural ich mchte wir mchten du mchtest ihr mchtet Sie mchten Sie mchten er/sie/es mchte sie mchten Possessive articles in singular and plural Singular Plural my mein(e) our unser(e) your, informal dein(e) your, informal euer(e) your, formal Ihr(e) your, formal Ihr(e) his sein(e) their ihr(e) her ihr(e) its sein(e) Yes-no-questions Yes-no-questions are questions that are answered with"yes" (ja) or "no" (nein). They always have the verb first: Du trinkst einen Kaffee. --> Trinkst du einen Kaffee? (Do you drink a coffee?) Herr Schmidt mchte ein Stck Kuchen. --> Mchte Herr Schmidt ein Stck Kuchen? (Does Mr. Schmidt want a piece of cake?) Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 47 Materials: Vocabulary Nomen Maskulin der Liter, der Lffel, der Nachtisch, -e der Teller, Das Geld (money): D, A, L: der Euro, der Cent, - Nouns Masculine liter spoon dessert plate CH, FL: der Franken, der Rappen, - Feminin die Beilage, -n die Flasche, -n die Gabel, -n die Serviette, -n die Speisekarte, -n die Rechnung, -en die Tasse, -n die Vorspeise, -n Feminine side dish bottle fork napkin menu bill cup appetizer Neutrum das Abendessen, das Frhstck, -e das Geld das Glas, Glser das Hauptgericht, -e das Kleingeld das Messer, das Mittagessen, das Trinkgeld, das Wechselgeld Neuter dinner breakfast money glass main course small change (money) knife lunch gratuity, tip change (money) Verben Schwache Verben bestellen, bestellt bezahlen, bezahlt kosten, gekostet zahlen, gezahlt Verbs Weak verbs to order to pay to cost to pay Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Starke Verben empfehlen (er/sie empfiehlt), empfohlen 48 Strong verbs to recommend Andere Verben Other verbs mchte* would like to * mchte has one irregular verb form: er/sie mchte Adjektive gro hei kalt klein warm Adjectives big, tall [for peoples height] hot cold small, short [for peoples height] warm Ausdrcke Bitte Danke Danke (sehr); vielen Dank; Danke schn Das macht ...... Euro ebenso Entschuldigung Einen Moment, bitte. getrennt -(Geht das) getrennt oder zusammen? Guten Appetit! Ich htte gern(e) Ich mchte lecker leider mit nicht ohne passend Vielen Dank zusammen Expressions please thank you thank you very much that costs ... Euros likewise excuse me Just a moment, please separate (Are you paying) separately or together? enjoy your meal! [literally: good appetite] I would like to have I would like tasty, yummy unfortunately with not without exact, matching thank you very much together Trinkgeld geben Tipping Waiters/waitresses have a salary, tips are a bonus, not needed. German-speaking countries are more cash-driven. Tipping should make it easier to give change. Thus: round up to the next 50 Cents/Rappen or full Euro/Swiss Francs. Below some sample phrases, assuming the bill would be 11.70 Euros. You round up to 12 Euros (for example). Give 15 Euros and say: Machen Sie ...(12 Euro). = Give change for ... (12 Euro) Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Give 12 Euros and say: Stimmt so. Give tip separately and say: Das ist fr Sie. 49 = No change needed. [literally: its correct the way it is] = Thats for you. Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 50 Lektion 5 Topics Daily Activities Hobbies Clubs (Vereine) November 9 A Fateful Day in German History Communication & Vocabulary Talking about your hobbies Verbs for daily activities Telling time Communication & Vocabulary Exercises Days of the week 1063 -- L5: Vocabulary Days of the Week https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668181107309728 1064 -- L5: Vocabulary Days of the Week 2 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668184670985628 Telling Time 1065 -- L5: Times https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668185899650718 1099 L5: Subject or Object? (Accusative) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291545743372142328 1145 -- L5: Telling time -- 24-hours-system https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291672657326018128 1144 - L5 - Telling Time https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291672646697431858 1146 -- L5: Time with nach/vor, halb, viertel https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291672846284714858 Grammar Nouns & Co. Possessive Articles in Nominative and Accusative Verbs Separable Prefix Verbs Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Parts of the Day 1112 -- L5: Vocabulary Days & Parts of the Day 1 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291483806995087538 1113 -- L5: Vocabulary Days and Parts of the Day 2 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291481327745051278 1114 -- L5: Vocabulary Days and Parts of the Day 3 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291481325986343908 1115 -- L5: Vocabulary Parts of the Day 4 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291481320185065598 1130 -- L5: Vocabulary Weekdays and Parts of the Day 1 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291157154756390448 1131 -- L5: Vocabulary Weekdays and Parts of the Day 2 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291157072086968708 Grammar Exercises Possessive Articles Nominative & Accusative 1098 -- L5: Possessive Articles - Nominative and Accusative https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291545746163030868 Separable Prefix Verbs 1096 -- L5: Separable Prefix Verbs https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291250512763708108 1101 -- L5: Separable Prefix Verbs https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291545738690598618 1107 -- L5: Separable Prefix Verbs https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291157270322500318 1116 -- L5: Separable Prefix Verbs https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291479573047223318 1128 L5: Separable Prefix Verbs https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291154988028921358 51 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Culture & Language Clubs for Sports and Hobbies (Vereine) 1) Reading: The German obsession with clubs Work with Worksheet 19 (see Appendix) Read the text The German obsession with clubs and answer the questions in the worksheet. Link to the text: The German obsession with clubs" (dw.com) 2) Listening: Watch the video linked below and answer the questions that appear. Link to the video with questions: https://edpuzzle.com/media/5dc1fecbb22b6340bde8b839 With the button, you can skip back to the previous question and listen again. November 9 in German History Read the text about November 9 Link: https://p.dw.com/p/136L6 Now answer the questions online Link: https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291671102662435818 Materials: Grammar Information Lektion 5 Verbal bracket & separable prefix verbs "Separable prefix verbs" are verbs that split of the front part (prefix) when used in a sentence: "aufrumen" (to clean up) -- "Ich rume die Garage auf." Where does the prefix have to go? German sentences are structured around the verbs. There are two spots for verbs and verb-related items: + the conjugated verb is always in 2nd position ("conjugated" = the verb changes forms to match the subject, a.k.a. the person/thing doing something: Ich komme ... ; du kommst ..., Herr Meier kommt...) + everything coming along with the verb goes to the end of the sentence: 52 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 More explanations at Grimm's Grammar: http://coerll.utexas.edu/gg/gr/v_04.html 53 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 54 Materials: Vocabulary Nomen Maskulin der Abend, -e der Freund, -e der Mittag, -e der Mitbewohner, der Morgen, der Nachmittag, -e der Tag, -e der Unterricht der Verein, -e der Vormittag, -e Nouns Masculine evening friend (male), boyfriend noon roommate (male) morning afternoon day class club late morning (between morning and noon) der Montag, -e der Dienstag, -e der Mittwoch, -e der Donnerstag, -e der Freitag, -e der Samstag, -e / Sonnabend, der Sonntag, -e Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Feminin die Freizeit die Freundin, -nen die Minute, -n der Mitbewohnerin, -nen die Party, -s die Stunde, -n die Uhr, -en die Woche, -n die Zeit, -en Feminine free time, leisure time friend (female), girlfriend minute roommate (female) party (not political) hour clock week time Neutrum das Hobby, -s das Viertel, das Wochenende, -n Neuter hobby quarter weekend Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 55 Verben Schwache Verben aufrumen (er/sie rumt auf), aufgerumt duschen, geduscht einkaufen (er/sie kauft ein), eingekauft feiern, gefeiert frhstcken, gefrhstckt kaufen, gekauft putzen, geputzt schauen, geschaut ben, gebt trainieren, trainiert Verbs Weak verbs to clean up to shower to shop to party, celebrate to have breakfast to buy to clean to watch, look to practice (playing an instrument) to work out, practice sports Starke Verben aufstehen (er/sie steht auf), ist aufgestanden einladen, (er/sie ldt ein), eingeladen fernsehen, (er/sie sieht fern), ferngesehen schlafen, (er/sie schlft), geschlafen schwimmen, geschwommen treffen (er/sie trifft), getroffen tun, getan Wsche waschen (wscht Wsche), gewaschen Strong verbs to get up to invite to watch t.v. to sleep to swim to meet to do to do laundry Andere Wrter & Ausdrcke am bis dann frh <-> spt halb ins Bett gehen (er/sie geht ins Bett) Lust haben (ich habe Lust ich habe keine Lust) nach Spa machen (es macht Spa) Sport Machen (er/sie macht Sport) um verabredet sein von vor Wie spt ist es? Wie viel Uhr ist es? Other Words & expressions on (a day) until then early <-> late half to go to bed to feel like doing something (I feel like./ I do not feel)like) after, behind to be fun playing sports at (for time) to have an appointment from before, in front of What is the time? What is the time? Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 56 Lektion 6 Topics Rules and cultural differences Holidays in December: Nikolaus and Christmas Nikolaus & Santa Claus Communication & Vocabulary Expressing what one must, can, or is (not) allowed to do The pronoun man Review: Phrases for Conversations Communication & Vocabulary - Exercises Review Conversation Phrases 1057 -- Conversation Phrases 1 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668155188407888 1058 -- Conversation Phrases 2 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668155894496308 1059 -- Conversation Phrases 3 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668157301118338 1060 Conversation Phrases 4 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668158912329778 1061 -- Conversation Phrases 5 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668159725278468 1062 -- Conversation Phrases 6 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668160419339108 1079 - Conversation Phrases 7: Questions about family https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291127055901657638 Grammar Nouns & Co. Imperative Plural, Informal Personal Pronouns in Accusative Verbs Modal Verbs knnen, drfen, mssen Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 1123 -- Conversation Phrases 8: When you need help https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291318239638636418 1124 -- Conversation Phrases 9: Questions in Formal Address https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291124478797327008 Grammar Exercises Personal Pronouns in Accusative 1068 -- L6: Accusative Pronouns https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668194372581708 1089 -- L6: Pronouns in Nominative and Accusative 2 https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291249326332036898 1097 -- L6: Pronouns Nominative or Accusative - My Family https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291545927837025378 1100 L6: Personal Pronouns - Nominative and Accusative (Drag and Drop) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291545740461896688 1102 -- L6: Personal Pronouns in Nominative or Accusative https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291544301427167508 Imperative Plural, Informal 1082 -- L6: Imperative Informal Plural https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291500073191046828 1103 -- L6: Imperative Informal Plural https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291544295974627108 1104 -- L6: Review Imperative, Informal https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291544293152609258 Modal Verbs drfen, knnen, mssen 1084 -- L6: Review Modal Verbs drfen, knnen, mssen (Rules) https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291544202340401888 57 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 58 1111 -- L6: Modal Verbs "drfen" & "mssen" https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291495789999594788 Exercise 1111 relates to the following signs: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Image sources: All signs are in the public domain. Source for #1: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rauchverbot#/media/Datei:ISO_7010_P002.svg Source for ##2-6: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bildtafel_der_Verkehrszeichen_in_der_Bundesrepublik_Deutschland_seit _2017#Sinnbilder_nach_%C2%A7_39_StVO Culture & Language Rules Cultural Differences Here are some rules for German speaking countries (Deutschland, stereich, die Schweiy, Liechtenstein, Luxemburg = D-A-CH-Lie-Lux) that differ from the rules in the USA: 1. In D-A-CH-Lie-Lux, one can drink beer or wine at the age of 16. The drinking age for distilled liquor is 18. 2. Drinking alcohol in public places is usually allowed, but it can be banned in certain places. 3. In D-A-CH-Lie-Lux, one must be 18 to be allowed to drive. Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 59 4. In Germany, one cannot perform loud tasks on Sundays no lawn mowing or working with power tools outside or in ear-shot of neighbors. This is also banned in very early or late hours every day. 5. In Germany, stores are closed on Sundays (except those selling essentials for travelers, e.g., food, gasoline) 6. In Germany, working on Sunday is not permitted unless the company/ job is essential. For example, hospital personal, firefighters, police officers. Companies can get a permit for work on Sunday if it is prohibitively expensive to shut down machinery or similar reasons. A) Review the facts with the exercise below: 1143 -- L6: Rules https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291671967327025018 B) Such cultural differences might appear non-sensical, but you should approach them with the assumptions that the people making those rules have good reasons for them. Think about the following and discuss it with others: What could be arguments for the rules about drinking age and driving age? Why could it be okay to let 16-years old drink alcohol? What could be dangerous about 16-years-old driving, like in the USA? The laws restricting noise, work on Sundays, or opening stores on Sunday can make some aspects of life more uncomfortable. Why would countries have those laws? What are the benefits of those laws? One tip: if stores open on Sundays, somebody has to work there. Keep in mind: rules and laws are made by politicians which are voted into office by people. That means, a majority of people supports those laws or they would vote for politicians that promise to change those laws. C) Now try to think like an Austrian, Swiss, Or German: what could they find weird or hard to understand about rules in America? Dates of Holidays Here are some popular holidays in German speaking countries that are not common or on different dates in the USA they are not always officially observed but popular: Rosenmontag (Rose Monday) ist der Montag vor Aschermittwoch The Monday before Ash Wednesday is in some regions the main day of Carnival and people take off from work. The date of rose Monday varies every year but is usually in February or March. This topic will be covered in the spring semester. Hexennacht (witches night) ist der 30. April children play pranks, adult have parties, especially outdoors with bonfires. Not an official holiday, but the night before the next holiday Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 60 Tag der Arbeit (Labour Day) ist der 1. Mai. That is International Labor Day and celebrated on May 1 in many countries. Because May 1 is an official holiday, most people do not have to work (which makes the night of April 30 a good night for parties) Die Nationalfeiertage (national holidays) sind der 3. Oktober (Deutschland), der 1. August (Schweiz), und der 26. August (sterreich). Der 11. November ist St. Martin Day of Saint Martin. Not an official holiday but traditionally celebrated by children with lanterns, food (e.g., soft pretzels or traditional baked goods), and sometimes re-enactments of Saint Martins good deeds. In some regions, November 11 is also kick-off of the Carnival season. Der 6. Dezember ist Nikolaus-Tag (see in the next section) Heilig Abend ist der 24. Dezember Christmas Eve is of course the same date everywhere, but in many German speaking regions, it is more important than in America. Many families give gifts on Christmas Eve, not Christmas Day, people take half the day off from work. Weihnachten ist der 25. & 26. Dezember both days are official holidays. Silvester ist der 31. Dezember New Years Eve is of course also the same date everywhere, but German speakers refer to it as Silvester because that is the Saint traditionally celebrated there. Review dates and holidays with the exercises below: 1066 -- L6: Dates of Holidays https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668187135390658 1031 L6: Dates for Holidays https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291667532589548588 1067 -- L6: Dates of Holidays https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291668188621208158 1085 -- L6: Dates of Holidays https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291173140823436768 1091 -- L6: Dates of Holidays https://meindl.h5p.com/content/1291119929676297788 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 61 Nikolaus and Christmas A) On December 6, Sankt Nikolaus brings small gifts in German speaking countries and many other countries. In America, Saint Nicholas is better known as Santa Claus, but Santa comes on Christmas and also looks differently. Nikolaus also has an assistant but the assistant is different in different regions. So what is going on here? Are Nikolaus the same person or not? Nikolaus and Santa show how traditions change, get adapted, mix, and differ in different regions. To explore this, work with some texts: Answer the questions in Worksheet 21 (see Appendix), based on the text and an image linked below The texts: o Handwerk, Brian. From St. Nicholas to Santa Claus: the surprising origins of Kris Kringle.(Link) National Geographic, December 25, 2018. (Accessed Nov. 18, 2020) o o o o o o The Legend of Saint Nicholas. (Link) Germany in USA, December 5, 2018. (Accessed Nov. 18, 2020) St. Nicholas. (Link) The German Way & More. No date. (Accessed Nov. 18, 2020) The first part of the text Who is St. Nicholas? (Link) from the St. Nicholas Center The first part of the text The origin of Santa Claus (Link) from the St. Nicholas Center Taylor, Alan: St. Nicholas' Dark Companion. (Link) (TheAtlantic.com) Postcard of Krampus (Link) (Wikipedia.org) B) Watch a video to learn about Nikolaus and his assistants. Answer the questions in Worksheet 22 (see Appendix), based on the video linked below Video Adventskalender: Nikolaus Link: https://p.dw.com/p/1E03U Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 62 Materials: Grammar Information Lektion 6 Personal Pronouns in Accusative You learned about sentences with direct objects, for example: Ich esse den Apfel. (I eat the apple.) den Apfel is the direct object and, thus, the article is used in its Accusative form (den instead of der). If a pronoun is used for the direct object, the Accusative form of the pronouns is used. Below are the Accusative forms for pronouns: Singular Nominative ich du Sie er sie es Accusative mich dich Sie ihn sie es Plural Nominative wir ihr Sie sie Accusative uns euch Sie sie Imperative Plural, Informal Formal imperative and imperative in informal address in the singular were introduced in Lektion 2. Below is the explanation how to form imperative when addressing several people informally. To form imperative when addressing several people informally...: put verb first Use the verb-ending -t Split up separable prefix verbs: "Esst die Bananen" (Eat the bananas) "Rumt die Bcher auf. (Clean up the books) Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 63 Modal verbs knnen, drfen, mssen The verbs knnen (to be able to), drfen (to be allowed to), mssen (to have to/ must) are modal verbs. Modal verbs express that how one does something, for example, that one must do something or is allowed to do something. Modal verbs are often used with another verb (but not always): John muss Hausaufgaben machen. (John must do homework). Paul darf nicht zu der Party gehen. (Paula is not allowed to go to the party.) The other verb is unchanged (infinitive form) and placed at the end of the sentence. Modal verbs have different singular forms than other verbs: they have a vowel change and miss the endings with ich and er/sie/es: knnen (to be able to) Singular ich du Sie er/ sie/ es kann kannst knnen kann Plural wir ihr Sie sie knnen knnt knnen knnen Plural wir ihr Sie sie drfen drft drfen drfen Plural wir ihr Sie sie mssen msst mssen mssen drfen (to be allowed to) Singular ich du Sie er/ sie/ es darf darfst drfen darf mssen (to have to) Singular ich du Sie er/ sie/ es muss must mssen muss Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 64 Materials: Vocabulary Nomen Maskulin der Feiertag, -e der Frhling der Herbst der Preis, -e der Sommer der Winter Nouns Masculine holiday spring (season) fall (season) price summer winter Feminin die Autobahn, -en die Regel, -n die Strae, -n die Verkehrsregel, -n die Vorfahrt Feminine interstate road rule street traffic rules priority (in traffic) Neutrum das Benzin das Geschenk, -e das Schild, -er das Verkehrsschild, -er das Tempolimit, -s Nur Plural die Ferien Neuter gasoline gift sign traffic sign speed limit Plural only break (days off from school), holidays Verben Schwache Verben auspacken (er/sie packt aus), ausgepackt hupen, gehupt parken, geparkt berholen, berholt rauchen, geraucht tanken, getankt verpacken, verpackt Verbs Weak verbs to unwrap, unpack to honk to park to pass (a vehicle) to smoke to get gas for the car to wrap (a gift) Starke Verben abbiegen (er/sie biegt ab), abgebogen anhalten (er/sie hlt an), angehalten Strong verbs to turn to stop Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 65 Modalverben drfen (er/sie darf), drfen/gedurft knnen (er/sie kann), knnen/gekonnt mssen (er/sie muss), mssen/gemusst Modal verbs to be allowed to to be able to to have to, must Anderes erlaubt Fahrrad fahren (er/sie fhrt Fahrrad) km/h = Kilometer pro Stunde langsam links rechts schnell verboten zu Fu gehen (er/sie geht zu Fu) Other words & Phrases permitted riding a bike kilometers per hour slow left right fast prohibited going by foot Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 66 Appendix: Worksheets Worksheet 1 . Lnder mit Deutsch als offizielle Sprache (die Sprache = language) A) Label German-speaking countries, using the German & English names. Schweden (Sweden) Dnemark (Denmark) Germany Deutschland Polen (Poland) Niederlande (Netherland) Tschechische Republik (Czech Republic) Frankreich (France) Ungarn (Hungary) Source of map: OpenStreetMap.org: https://www.openstreetmap.org/search?query=Germany#map=4/50.46/27.77 B) Die Flaggen - What flag belongs to which German-speaking country? If you need help, search the web. ......................... ......................... ......................... ......................... ................... .................... Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 67 Worksheet 2 You can copy and paste from here, if needed. Ergnzen Sie die Dialoge - Complete the dialogs 1. Herr Lang: . Frau Singer: Ich heie Singer. 2. Herr Lang: Guten Tag, mein Name ist Lang. Frau Bechtel: ..................................? -- Herr Lang: Ich heie Lang. L A N G. 3. Herr zdemir: Woher kommen Sie? -- Frau Grau: ....................................... Deutschland. 4. Herr zdemir: .........................................? -- Frau Grau: Ich wohne in Hamburg. 5. Dr. Berger: ................................................? -- Herr Lafontaine: Ich komme aus Berlin. 6. Guten Tag, mein Name ist Leutheuser-Schnarrenberg. Frau Kuh: ...............................? -- Leutheuser-Schnarrenberg ist mein Name. Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 68 Worksheet 3 Ergnzen Sie die Dialoge - Complete the dialogs with the words given in brackets. There are several ways to introduce your name. Instead of Ich heie Frank Mller. (I am called Mller), one can also use Ich bin Frank Mller. (I am Frank Mller), or Mein Name ist Frank Mller. (My name is Frank Mller). ich is only capitalized when used at the beginning of a sentence. 1. Wie heien Sie? -- ................................................................... (Lisa Faul / bin / ich ) 2. Ich heie Maier. Und [and] ........................................................... (Sie / wie / heien / ?) -........................................................ (Meindl / Name / ist / mein) 3. Wo wohnen Sie? ................................................................... (in Wien / ich / wohne) 4. ....................................................................................................... (auf Englisch / heit / was / Tisch / ?) -- Tisch heit auf Englisch table 5. ............................................................. (Sie / wohnen / wo / ?) -- ............................................................... (wohne / ich / in Berlin) Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 69 Worksheet 4 Formal vs. Informal address: Read the text and answer the questions (no answer key). Text about du vs. Sie (formal vs. informal address) - Link: https://www.germanway.com/history-and-culture/german-language/du-and-sie/ (german-way.com) Fragen zum Text (Answer the questions about the text) 1. "Du" (informal address) is used for ..... 2. "Sie" (formal address) is used for ... 3. du usually goes along with using a) first name b) last name 4. What is the ongoing tendency in using formal/informal address? a) it is getting more formal b) it is getting more informal 5. What are you supposed to do if you are not sure whether to use "du" or "Sie"? 6. Is it okay to use first names in a business situation? Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 70 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Worksheet 5 A) Wie sagen [say] Sie auf Deutsch...? 1. The German equivalent for "Mr." & Mrs. is.... 2. How do you say in German: "My major is physics."? (physics = Physik) B) In formal address: 1. What is the German for "How are you?", in FORMAL address? 2. How do you ask for someones name, in FORMAL address? 3. How do you ask where someone lives, in FORMAL address? 4. How do you ask where someone is from, in FORMAL address? C) Now the sentences from B in informal address... 71 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Worksheet 6 Verb forms Select one of the two given verbs in each sentence, whatever makes more sense. Use the correct ending for the verbs. Make sure you know what the words mean! All words used can be found in the vocabulary list for Lektion 1 1. Paul .................................... (hren/ wohnen) in sterreich. 2. Ich ....................................... (heien/ lernen) Lisa Fischer. 3. Woher ........................................... (studieren/ kommen) Sie? 4. Du ............................................. (wohnen/ kommen) in Wien [Vienna]. 5. Ich ............................................. (fragen/ lernen) Deutsch. 6. Die Nachbarin ........................................ (fragen/ lernen) eine [a] Frage. 7. Wo ......................................... (studieren/ wohnen) du? Ich ......................................... (studieren/ wohnen) in Amerika! 8. Herr Schmidt, ............................................ (buchstabieren/ kommen) Sie bitte Ihren [your] Namen! Ich ...................................................... (buchstabieren/ kommen): S C H M I D T. 72 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 73 Worksheet 7 Read the text The du/Sie dilemma in German and answer the questions below. Link to the text (at DW.com): https://p.dw.com/p/17D0R Questions about the text: Read the text The Du/Sie dilemma (in Canvas) and answer the questions. 1. The rules for using du/Sie are traditional and have stayed the same for a long time. Ja Nein [Ja = yes; Nein = no] 2. Who can offer to switch to du? 3. What is the Hamburger Du? 4. Whats the Bavarian style of using du or cashier Du? 5. How where people of high status addressed in the Middle ages? 6. What is the pluralis majestatis? 7. In what way does marketing change the rules for du/Sie-use? 8. Why did the t.v. personality and musician Dieter Bohlen not have to pay a fine for using informal address with a police officer? 9. How should one behave at work if, at the previous night, the boss offered du at a party, but you are not sure whether he/she was serious? 10. Expert Hans-Michael Klein gives the advice: Always be appropriate, and don't annoy people or attract negative attention. Is that helpful advice? Why/why not? Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 74 Worksheet 8 Reading means in our course: identifying information in an authentic text, when guided by questions or other help (authentic = not produced for learners, not edited for learners) & making sense out of information found. You do not have to understand everything in order to identify important information. Often, information can be derived from context, using common sense, identifying cognates (words that are identical/similar in German and English)) For this reading task, you should identify the main pieces of information in an infographic about the use of du and Sie at the workplace. Look at the diagram about the use of du/Sie at work and answer the questions below. The diagram (at presseportal.de) Link: https://www.presseportal.de/pm/110144/3313253 Questions about the diagram: the work = die Arbeit | using du = duzen | using sie = siezen | yes = Ja | no = Nein Answer the questions with the information in the image on the website (you do not need the text): 1. What percentage of people only uses du at the workplace? 2. What percentage only uses Sie at the workplace? 3. What percentage alternates between address forms (the third category shown)? 4. What percentage of people distinguishes address forms depending on the position in hierarchy? (look for the German word for hierarchy it is a cognate to English, but a bit hidden in a longer word). Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 75 Worksheet 9 You learned about greetings like Guten Tag or Hallo as a less formal greeting. In the German speaking regions in Europe, people also use regional greetings. This is mostly not because they do not know Guten Tag or Hallo but rather because people want to show their regional identity and bond with others over using a greeting that unites them and differentiates them from other regions. Some regional greetings you might hear: Northern Germany: South-Western Germany: Switzerland: South Eastern Germany & Austria: Moin Sal or Servus (informal) Grezi Gr Gott and Servus (informal) Exercise: 1. Look at image A below: Where is Papenburg located - concluding from the greeting they use? 2. Look at image B below: when Austrian use Servus, most Germans would use... 3. Image C shows greetings in four languages, Grezi (German), Italian (Buongiorno), Romansch (Allegra), French (Salut). Which country is it? 4. Image D: in what region(s) is the town of Rottach-Egern, judging by the greeting they use? Note: they spell ss to replace because the letter does not have a capital version. 5. Bild E shows the logo of a radio station. According to the greeting in the radio stations name, where is the Saarland, the home region of the station? Bild [image] A: Bild D: Bild [image] B: Bild [image] C: Bild E: A: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moin!_Herzlich_willkommen_in_Papenburg,_Aschendorf_(2017).jpg B: www.gutelaunetv.de C: http://aroundtheworld.colegiobennett.edu.co/index.php/2018/03/05/united-by-a-speech/ D: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rottach-Egern_%E2%80%94_Schild_%E2%80%9EGr%C3%BCss_Gott_in_Rottach-Egern%22.jpg E: http://www.saarfest.de/saarfest/?timeline=gewinnspiel-4 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Worksheet 10 Find the 5 wrong verb forms and correct them. Verbs are underlined. 1. Ich heie Paul Schmidt. Wie heit Sie? 2. Sarah ist Studentin. Sarah studieren Biologie. 3. Ich bist auch Studentin. Ich studiere Chemie [chemistry]. 4. Wir lernen Deutsch. Lernen ihr auch Deutsch? 5. Ich komme aus Deutschland und Paula kommt aus sterreich. 6. Mein Name ist Meindl. Ich buchstabierst: M-E-I-N-D-L. 7. Wir seid Studenten. Wir kommen aus Amerika. 76 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 77 Worksheet 11 Read the text Siezt du oder duzen Sie? and answer the questions below. Link for the text: https://www.derstandard.at/story/2000085812783/siezt-du-oder-duzen-sie Questions about the text: Read the questions, then find the answers in the text Duzen oder Siezen Note: using du = duzen (using informal address) and using Sie = siezen (using formal address). You will not understand the majority of the text and you do not have to and should not try to understand everything. Scan the text for words you know or cognates (words that are similar in German and English). Also try to draw conclusions from the context and common knowledge. 1. The text is on the website of Der Standard judging by the country domain at the and of the URL (like .com or .edu), from which country is Der Standard? 2. Look at the headline/text title: is the title... describing the results of a study? asking the readers about their habits? 3. First paragraph: what is the German word for normal case? ........................................................ 4. Second paragraph: The text brings examples of formal vs. informal address. Check what you can find in the text (several answers possible): addressing a police officer asking how someone is doing Wie geht es Ihnen? a regional greeting Gr Gott asking for someones name 5. Third paragraph: The text talks about the development in using formal address in the last centuries and decades. What are the words for century/ hundred years = ................................................................... decades/ tens of years = ................................................................... 6. Third paragraph: Formality decreased after ..... the end of aristocracy the 1960s 7. Third paragraph: what is the German for younger generation? ................................................. 8. The bold printed section title: what is the German word for hierarchy? .................................... 9. Fourth paragraph: According to the text, the use of Sie can create .... (check all that apply) professionalism distance authority respect hierarchy Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 10. Fifth paragraph: What is German for communication on eye level? ..................................................................................... 11. Sixth paragraph: What other languages are mentioned as examples for languages with formal address vs. informal address? Spanish French Norwegian Swedish 12. Sixth paragraph: One of the countries mentioned had a reform of informal address-words. When did this reform happen? 78 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 79 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 80 Worksheet 12 In German sentences, the verbs can only be in specific positions, most other words can be moved around. The rule for statements (different from questions or commands) is: the verb is in second position. The first position can consist of several verbs. Model: Ich In Berlin in Deutschland Verb heie ist Verb-related items Liam Berg. das Brandenburger Tor. In Berlin in Deutschland is one item (a location). Now write the three sentences in the chart below, verb always in second position. Brandeburg Gate Foto: Wikipedia 1. Herr Berg kommt aus Kln. 2. Das Brandenburger Tor ist in Berlin. 3. Paul, Ralf und Paula wohnen in sterreich. Verb Verb-related items Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 81 Worksheet 13 Answer the questions based on the texts (have answers ready for class): Text 1: The History of the Oktoberfest Link: https://www.muenchen.de/int/en/events/oktoberfest/history.html Text 2: Press Release Business Impact Link: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V84VjbfEr2JwFgee6khLJFrVeABFhYF8/view?usp=sharing I) Geschichte - History 1. When was the first Oktoberfest? 2. What was the occasion? 3. The festival grounds and the festival are colloquially called die ....................... 4. What entertainment was offered at the first Oktoberfest? 5. What entertainment was added in 1818? 6. The agricutural show connected to the Oktoberfest happens every ......... years. 7. Beer tents were added in .................. II) Wirtschaft - Business & Statistik (Text Business impact) 1. How many visitors are usually coming to the Oktoberfest? Around 2 million 3.5 million 6 million 2. Add up the numbers on page 1: How much do visitors spend on and off the fairgrounds? Around 750 million 830 million 1 billion Euros 3. Page 2: How many visitors are from the state of Bavaria (where the Oktoberfest takes place)? 4. From all foreign visitors, how many are from.... USA: ..................% Switzerland: ...............% 5. Page 3: The majority of visitors (57%) is Australia: ...................% younger than 30 older than 30 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 6. Page 4: What percentage of visitors does not visit a beer tent? 7. Page 7: How much money is spent on advertizing? 8. Page 8: How many people work at or related to the Oktoberfest? 82 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 83 Worksheet 14 Read the text West Germany, East Germany reunite, Oct. 3, 1990 at www.politico.com (Link also in Canvas). 1. What day is the official date of the German reunification (and today the German national holiday)? 2. What year was the reunifcation? 3. How long had Germany been divided into East Germany (German Democratic Republic = GDR) and West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)? 4. In how many occupation zones was Germany split up, after it lost WWII? 5. The two German states were founded in 1949. In what year did East Germany close its borders? 6. When were the borders fortified and the Berlin Wall was built? 7. Why did East Germany build the Berlin Wall and fences or walls along the border between East and West Germany? 8. Why did East Germany and the Soviet Union decline, during the 1980s? 9. The East-West divide started to crumble; the Iron Curtain was getting holes. When did Hungary open its borders to Austria enabling East Germans to flee through Hungary? 10. Which Soviet leader allowed a peaceful end of the East-west divide and the reunification of Germany? 11. When was the treaty for the reunification signed? Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 84 Worksheet 15 Watch the video Walled in and answer the questions: 1. The border between East Germany (German Democratic Republic) and West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany) was not only fortified by concrete walls and guards. Name 5 other defenses at the border between East Germany (GDR) and West Germany (FRG). 2. How many border troops were in Berlin? 3. What was the border area called by Western Germans? 4. How many Germans died at the Berlin Wall? 5. How tall was the Berlin wall? 6. Near the town of Htensleben: how far away from the border was the first checkpoint? 7. Many citizens were forced to move away from the border in an operation called...........................................? 8. Openings for rabbits were made that they can pass underneath the border fences or walls. Why? Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 85 Worksheet 16 Video Das perfekte Wiener Schnitzel I) Vor dem Hren -- Beantworten Sie die Fragen - Before listening -- answer the questions: 1. Die Hauptstadt (capital) sterreichs heit Wein Wien Wienna 2. Was heit meat auf Deutsch? Rind Schwein Fleisch 3. Deutsch kochen heit auf Englisch to cook. Was heit der Koch auf Englisch? 4. A false friend is a word that looks like a word in another language but does not mean the same. German der Chef translates to English the boss. What means German Chefkoch? 5. Was heit brauchen auf Englisch? .................................. 6. Bratwurst heit fried sausage Was heit das Verb braten, gebraten auf Englisch? .................... 7. Was heit Milch auf Englisch? .................... 8. Deutsch sprechen heit to speak Was heit der Sprecher? ..................................... 9. Was heit side dish auf Deutsch? Vorspeise Nachtisch Beilage II) Hren Listen to the audio and read along, check the words you hear. Try two or three times, then also watch the video. As last step, read along with the full manuscript (posted separately). Wer in Wien Urlaub macht, sollte unbedingt Wiener Schnitzel probieren bestellen essen . Das Restaurant Figlmller ist seit ber 10 100 110 Jahren auf die Zubereitung des Fleischgerichts spezialisiert. Chefkoch Markus Bummer Plumbert Brunner zeigt sein Rezept. SPRECHER: Wien die Hauptstadt sterreichs. Berhmt fr ihre Agrikultur Art-Tour Architektur und Geschichte, ihre Kultur und Musik, den Walzer Wanderer Maler und natrlich das Wiener Schnitzel. Die Fleischer Metzger Kellner der Stadt verraten gerne, welches Fleisch man fr ein echtes Wiener Schnitzel braucht. JOSEF KRPPL (Wiener Metzger): Schaf Lamm Kalb ist junges Rind, ist fettlos, praktisch fettlos und ist ganz ganz weich. Und das Original Wiener Schnitzel entstand vom, vom Milchschaf Milchlamm Milchkalb . Also das ist, es ist magerer und es ist weicher als [wie] Schwein. Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 86 SPRECHER: Die bekannteste Wiener Gensse Vergesse Adresse fr das berhmte Schnitzel ist das Restaurant Figlmller, ein Familienbetrieb. Chefkoch Markus Brunner brt hier jeden Tag dutzende hunderte tausende Schnitzel und wei, dass es auf die richtige Vorbereitung des Fleisches ankommt. MARKUS BRUNNER (Chefkoch Restaurant Figlmller): Also zuerst wirds geschnitten und dann wird's vorsichtig geklopft. Weil eben Kalbfleisch ist extrem heikel, hat sehr viel sehr wenig sehr flssig Wasser, weil es ein junges Kalb ist. Und gerad beim Klopfen muss man extrem aufpassen, dass man wirklich nicht die Faserung zerstrt, weil wirklich sonst das komplette Wasser rausgehen wrde und die Schnitzel dann nicht mehr so schn soufflieren. SPRECHER: vier frische viele Eier, golden aufgeschlagen, und feine Semmelbrsel gehren ebenso zu den wichtigen Zutaten eines Wiener Schnitzels. Das Kalbfleisch wird leicht gesalzen und in griffiges Mehl getaucht. Anschlieend in der Eiermasse und danach in den Semmelbrseln wenden. MARKUS BRUNNER: Die Brezeln Brsen Brsel werden jetzt nur vorsichtig angedrckt. Nicht zu stark! SPRECHER: Nun wird das Fleisch in Butterschmalz gesalzen geladen gebraten . Dabei ist es wichtig, das Schnitzel stndig in Bewegung zu halten, damit es gleichmig braun wird. Sobald eine goldene Frbung erreicht ist, das Schnitzel aus der Pfanne Tanne Kanne nehmen und das Fett abtropfen lassen. MARKUS BRUNNER: Eine Light-Variante wre zum Beispiel, mit Schnapsl Rapsl Rattenl oder Sonnenblumenl die Schnitzel rauszubacken. Wir verwenden Butterschmalz. Ein guter Tipp ist auch ein bisschen gemischt mit Sonnenblumenl. Das hat den Vorteil, dass, wenn ich zu Hause das Schnitzel rausbacke, die ersten Schnitzel werden schn. Aber dann hast du diese schwarzen Tunke Dunkle Punkte drinnen vom Butterschmalz, weil das Butterschmalz dann leicht verbrennt. SPRECHER: Typische Beilage zum Schnitzel ist ein Kartoffelsalat Kartoffelbraten Kartoffelgratin . Bei Figlmller nimmt man dafr eigene Kartoffeln, die von einem nahen Bauernhof kommen und regelmig geliefert werden. Chefkoch Markus Brunner hilft isst kommt gerne mit. Zurck in der Kche laufen die letzten Vorbereitungen fr das Wiener Schnitzel. Wie viele Gallonen Portionen Rationen jeden Tag serviert werden, das bleibt Figlmllers Geheimnis. Man verlsst sich auf seinen guten Ruf. Die Geschichte des Restaurants beginnt 1905 und lebt mittlerweile in dritter vierter fnfter Generation. In einem Menu Cartoon Buch erklrt die Familie ihre Rezepte in anschaulichen Bildern das Wiener Schnitzel ist natrlich auch dabei. Wer Kalorien zhlt, bevorzugt vielleicht ein Wasser, aber Weibier Weiwein Rotwein passt am besten. Und dann heit es in Wien: Guten Appetit! Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 87 Full text Wer in Wien Urlaub macht, sollte unbedingt Wiener Schnitzel bestellen. Das Restaurant Figlmller ist seit ber 110 Jahren auf die Zubereitung des Fleischgerichts spezialisiert. Chefkoch Markus Brunner zeigt sein Rezept. SPRECHER: Wien die Hauptstadt sterreichs. Berhmt fr ihre Architektur und Geschichte, ihre Kultur und Musik, den Walzer und natrlich das Wiener Schnitzel. Die Metzger der Stadt verraten gerne, welches Fleisch man fr ein echtes Wiener Schnitzel braucht. JOSEF KRPPL (Wiener Metzger): Kalb ist junges Rind, ist fettlos, praktisch fettlos und ist ganz ganz weich. Und das Original Wiener Schnitzel entstand vom, vom Milchkalb. Also das ist, es ist magerer und es ist weicher als [wie] Schwein. SPRECHER: Die bekannteste Wiener Adresse fr das berhmte Schnitzel ist das Restaurant Figlmller, ein Familienbetrieb. Chefkoch Markus Brunner brt hier jeden Tag dutzende Schnitzel und wei, dass es auf die richtige Vorbereitung des Fleisches ankommt. MARKUS BRUNNER (Chefkoch Restaurant Figlmller): Also zuerst wirds geschnitten und dann wird's vorsichtig geklopft. Weil eben Kalbfleisch ist extrem heikel, hat sehr viel Wasser, weil es ein junges Kalb ist. Und gerad beim Klopfen muss man extrem aufpassen, dass man wirklich nicht die Faserung zerstrt, weil wirklich sonst das komplette Wasser rausgehen wrde und die Schnitzel dann nicht mehr so schn soufflieren. SPRECHER: Frische Eier, golden aufgeschlagen, und feine Semmelbrsel gehren ebenso zu den wichtigen Zutaten eines Wiener Schnitzels. Das Kalbfleisch wird leicht gesalzen und in griffiges Mehl getaucht. Anschlieend in der Eiermasse und danach in den Semmelbrseln wenden. MARKUS BRUNNER: Die Brsel werden jetzt nur vorsichtig angedrckt. Nicht zu stark! SPRECHER: Nun wird das Fleisch in Butterschmalz gebraten. Dabei ist es wichtig, das Schnitzel stndig in Bewegung zu halten, damit es gleichmig braun wird. Sobald eine goldene Frbung erreicht ist, das Schnitzel aus der Pfanne nehmen und das Fett abtropfen lassen. MARKUS BRUNNER: Eine Light-Variante wre zum Beispiel, mit Rapsl oder Sonnenblumenl die Schnitzel rauszubacken. Wir verwenden Butterschmalz. Ein guter Tipp ist auch ein bisschen gemischt mit Sonnenblumenl. Das hat den Vorteil, dass, wenn ich zu Hause das Schnitzel rausbacke, die ersten Schnitzel werden schn. Aber dann hast du diese schwarzen Punkte drinnen vom Butterschmalz, weil das Butterschmalz dann leicht verbrennt. SPRECHER: Typische Beilage zum Schnitzel ist ein Kartoffelsalat. Bei Figlmller nimmt man dafr eigene Kartoffeln, die von einem nahen Bauernhof kommen und regelmig geliefert werden. Chefkoch Markus Brunner hilft gerne mit. Zurck in der Kche laufen die letzten Vorbereitungen fr das Wiener Schnitzel. Wie viele Portionen jeden Tag serviert werden, das bleibt Figlmllers Geheimnis. Man verlsst sich auf seinen guten Ruf. Die Geschichte des Restaurants beginnt 1905 und lebt mittlerweile in vierter Generation. In einem Buch erklrt die Familie ihre Rezepte in anschaulichen Bildern das Wiener Schnitzel ist natrlich auch dabei. Wer Kalorien zhlt, bevorzugt vielleicht ein Wasser, aber Weiwein passt am besten. Und dann heit es in Wien: Guten Appetit! Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 88 Worksheet 17 I) Key words - Complete this section before moving on to the other sections. Which German words does the text use for: 1. onions = . 11. hard roll = . 2. salad = . 12. Beef = . 3. Dner stand = . 13. sauce = . 4. 70s = . 14. to react = . 5. snack stand = . 15. Turks = . 6. economic factor = . 16. Arabs = . 7. the first Dner-fair = . 17. per day = . 8. billion Euros = . 18. tomato = . 9. working country = . 19. chicken = . 10. meat = . 20. vegetarian = . II) Details Below are statements about the text. Not everything mentioned in the statements is really said in the text. Find the 12 statements that are really mentioned in the text and then summarize briefly what the text says (The statements follow the order of the text). Answer in English & provide some details/specifics. Statements is this said in the text? 1. The text provides the name and age of the inventor of the Dner. 2. He had a snack food stand in a German city. 3. Even famous politicians ate at his food stand. 4. Today, there are many Dner stands in Germany and many Dners are eaten every day. If mentioned in the text, WHAT is said in the text? Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 Statements is this said in the text? 5. Dner is mainly eaten in big cities. If mentioned in the text, WHAT is said in the text? 6. The Dner industry is a significant economic factor, in employment and turnover. 7. The text names the street of the first Dner-stand in the early 70s. 8. The street had many food stands selling sausages. 9. Germans like fast food because they work a lot and want to eat fast. 10. Germans want beer with their Dner. 11. The original Dner had few ingredients. 12. Some ethnicities new Dner, but it was new for Germans. 13. He made a certain amount of Dner a day. 14. New variations of Dner are described. 15. Many people live of making Dner, many eat it. 16. Most Dner meat is imported from Turkey. 17. The inventor thinks that Dner prices today are too low for the number of ingredients included. III) Follow-up Answer in full sentences in German the questions are about you! 1. Was ist Ihr Lieblingsessen? 2. Was essen Sie nicht gern? 89 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 90 Worksheet 18 I) Key words Complete this section and compare with the answer key before moving on to the other sections. A) Which German words does the text use for: 1. goes = ....................................................... 2. per year = ....................................................... 3. speaker = ....................................................... 4. onion = ....................................................... 5. French fries = ....................................................... 6. hard roll = ....................................................... 7. customer 1 (feminine) = ....................................................... 8. with = ....................................................... 9. passerby (feminine) = ....................................................... 10. passerby (male) = ....................................................... 11. owner of Kudamm 195 = ....................................................... 12. pork = ....................................................... 13. to eat = ....................................................... 14. meat = ....................................................... 15. seven = ....................................................... 16. tomato = ....................................................... 17. a culinary classic = ....................................................... B) Deriving words 1. The text uses the verb verspeisen We now two nouns that contain Speise: die Vorspeise & die Speisekarte (see Lektion 3). What could the verb verspeisen mean? 2. The text uses the noun Sprecher nouns ending on -er are usually derived from verbs (and then refer to a person or machine doing a certain action). a) From which verb is der Sprecher derived? b) What does der Sprecher mean? Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 91 3. Verbs can be changed into nouns by capitalizing the word and adding the article das. For example: trinken (to drink) --> das Trinken (the drinking). What does the noun das Essen mean? C) Three central words Three words are very important for the topic of the text and appear frequently. Which German word does the text use for... 1. curry sausage = .......................................................... 2. fast beliebt schnell Stck 3. snack Imbiss Strkung Zubereitung II) Details Below are statements about the text. Not everything mentioned in the statements is really said in the text. Find the 12 statements that are really mentioned in the text and then summarize briefly what the text says (The statements follow the order of the text). Statements is this said in the text? 1. Large numbers of curry sausage are eaten in Germany every year. 2. Curry sausage is mainly eaten in cities like Berlin and Munich. 3. Curry sausage is mainly served with one of two sides. 4. Customers and passerby explain why they like curry sausage. 5. The food stand Kudamm 195 won an award for their curry sausage. 6. The food stand Kudamm 195 uses a special sauce. 7. The owner of Kudamm 195 mentions one secret for good curry sausage. If mentioned in the text, WHAT is said in the text? Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 8. The text mentions the number of snack food stands in Berlin. 9. A food stand in BerlinKreuzberg sells many sausages, always from the same type of meat. 10. Mainly locals eat curry sausage. 11. A woman from Berlin holds a patent on a sauce for curry sausage. 12. The patent made the inventor very rich. 13. There is a museum about curry sausage. 14. Curry Queen uses various meat types and offers several sauces. 15. Curry Queen only serves rolls with the sausage. 16. Celebrities have visited a traditional food stand in Eats Berlin. 17. A customer describes the meat used at Konnopkes. IV) Text type & authors perspective Which statement describes the text best? The text is a neutral report on a food item, show advantages and disadvantages. People are interviewed to show different viewpoints. The text analyses a segment of the food industry and its economic impact. The text wants to show why a food item is so popular. It focusses on positive aspects. V) Follow-up: Was ist Ihr (your) Lieblingsessen? 92 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 93 Worksheet 19 Questions about the text The German obsession with clubs - Read the text "The German obsession with clubs" (dw.com) and answer the questions. 1. How many Germans are members of a club (roughly)? 2. What type of clubs make fun of the military? (example in the text: the club "Rote Funken") 3. Who is not allowed in the "Rote Funken?" 4. Is club-membership increasing or decreasing? 5. Is membership in parties, trade unions and churches increasing or decreasing? 6. What made club activities in socialist East Germany (before 1990) more difficult? 7. The most popular type of German club are soccer clubs. What is special about the professional soccer club Schalke 04? a) it is Germany's oldest soccer club b) even professional players are club members 8. What is mentioned as a possible negative social effect of clubs? Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 94 Worksheet 20 Read the text Duzen oder Siezen das Marketing und die Hflichkeit and answer the questions below. Link for the text: https://www.absatzwirtschaft.de/duzen-oder-siezen-das-marketing-kaempft-mit-derhoeflichkeit-228214/ Questions about the text: I) Vor dem Lesen (Before Reading) Remember what we covered in class. 1. What is the German for using Sie? sicheln siezen simsen 2. What is the German for using du? duzen duschen dunkel 3. Every German verb can be made into a noun by capitalizing it and using a neuter article. English to greet is in German gren what would be the noun? der Gren die Gren das Gren 4. English customer is in German der Kunde for a male customer. What is the word for a female customer? die Kundchen die Kundeln die Kundin 5. English the reader (male) is in German der Leser the group of all readers (or the readership) is die Leserschaft What would be the group of all customers? die Kundschaft die Kundheit die Kunderei 6. Question is in German die ...................................... 7. The German for to speak is sprechen what is the word for language (has some similarity to the verb): die Lnge die Sprache die Glottis II) Vokabeln What German word/phrase does the text use for...? remember: German often forms long nouns out of several nouns! Paragraph [1] 1. the handling of the German language ....................................................................................... 2. the first step ....................................................................................... Paragraph [3] 3. the wrong/ false tone ....................................................................................... Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 4. to turn off potential customers 95 ....................................................................................... 5. the linguist/ language scientist (female) ....................................................................................... 6. language change ....................................................................................... Paragraph [4] 7. furniture store chain ....................................................................................... 8. female spokesperson/speaker ....................................................................................... 9. customer service center ....................................................................................... Paragraph [6] 10. younger target group ....................................................................................... 11. natural address ....................................................................................... Paragraph [7] 12. uncomplicated ....................................................................................... Paragraph [9] 13. the du-using firms/companies ....................................................................................... Paragraph [10] 14. regional differences ....................................................................................... 15. addressed with du by strangers ....................................................................................... Paragraph [11] 16. mixed forms ....................................................................................... 17. first name ....................................................................................... 18. family name ....................................................................................... III) Questions about structure, details, and content [2 pts. per answer = 40] Answer in English, but as brief as possible key words or short phrases. All answers have to be based on what the texts says, not general knowledge. 1. In which country was the article published? ....................................................................................... Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 96 Explain: what indicates the country of publication? ................................................................................................................................................................ 2. The article addresses one major topic per section. How many major topics are addressed? 3. Look at the section titles (in bold): What is the best description? The article describes ... ... how students address each other ... how the business world navigates formal vs. informal address 4. Paragraph [1]: How does the article tell us that it describes the situation in the whole Germanspeaking area? The map on page 1 could help. 5. Paragraph [2]: What role does the furniture store chain IKEA have in the tendency to use informal address with customers? 6. Paragraph [2]: Which departments are wondering how to address customers? 7. Paragraph [3]: What is the danger of hitting the wrong tone regarding du/Sie? 8. Paragraph [3]: A language change is described. In what time frame is this language change happening? in a decade in one generation 9. Paragraph [4]: Since when does IKEA use informal address? 10. Paragraph [4]: Where does IKEA not use informal address? 11. Paragraph [5]: Using formal address is described as... foreign to the culture, but now established engrained in the culture, having a long history in a century Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 97 12. Paragraph [5]: What expert is cited in the paragraph? (give a title/vocation and name) 13. Paragraph [6]: Why is the use of informal address well suited for the interaction of Adidas with its customers? 14. Paragraph [7]: For IKEA, the use of informal address is a part of ........................................................... 15. Paragraph [8]: Deriving from the adjective used for the Business-to-Business sector: is this sector more prone to maintaining formal address or switching to informal? Explain your answer! 16. Paragraph [9]: How long has the use of formal address been in decline? 17. Paragraph [10]: The French address Monsieur is cited as an example for... a more casual culture a more hierarchical culture 18. Paragraph [10]: Which regional difference is described? Some regions never adopted Sie as regular address visitors from region in the North are a bit shocked when strangers address them with du Some regions are more conservative and do not follow the trend to use more du. 19. Paragraph [11]: In Munich, they achieve a medium degree of formality by... using Sie and first name using du with last name 20. Paragraph [12]: How far does the trend toward informality go? it is limited to young people, but they use du everywhere young people use du most, but stick to Sie in some contexts all young and many older people use du pretty much everywhere Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 98 Worksheet 21 Answer the questions in Worksheet 21 (see Appendix), based on the text and an image linked below The texts: o Handwerk, Brian. From St. Nicholas to Santa Claus: the surprising origins of Kris Kringle.(Link) National Geographic, December 25, 2018. (Accessed Nov. 18, 2020) o o o o o o The Legend of Saint Nicholas. (Link) Germany in USA, December 5, 2018. (Accessed Nov. 18, 2020) St. Nicholas. (Link) The German Way & More. No date. (Accessed Nov. 18, 2020) The first part of the text Who is St. Nicholas? (Link) from the St. Nicholas Center The first part of the text The origin of Santa Claus (Link) from the St. Nicholas Center Taylor, Alan: St. Nicholas' Dark Companion. (Link) (TheAtlantic.com) Postcard of Krampus (Link) (Wikipedia.org) A) Texts "Who is St. Nicholas" and The origin of Santa: 1. Woher kommt der historische Nikolaus (Nicholas)? 2. Sein Geburtstag ist im Er kommt aus ....................................................... zweiten dritten vierten Soldat Bischof Bcker Jahrhundert [century] 3. Was ist Nikolaus von Beruf? 4. Der Nikolaus-Tag ist der ................................................................ 5. Es gibt [there are] eine Nikolaus-Legende viele [many] Nikolaus- Legenden 6. Nikolaus bringt Geschenke. drei arme [poor] Tchter a) Die Geschenke sind fr [daughters vier arme Tchter b) Nikolaus steckt Geschenkte in 7. einen Sack [bag] in Socken in Schuhe Nikolaus ist der Beschtzer [protector] fr... check all that apply! Kinder [children] Reisenden [travelers] Bauern [farmers] Seeleuten [sailors] 8. Wer feiert Nikolaus? nur [only] Deutschand Deutschland und die Niederlande viele [many] Lnder [countries] 9. Nikolaus bringt Geschenke. Die Geschenke sind.... klein mittel gro B) Der Text The origin of Santa 1. Die Wikinger bauen[build] die erste Nikolaus vierten Jahrhundert [century] zweiten dritten Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 99 2. Wer nennt [names] einen Hafen [port] in Haiti St. Nicholas? Wann? 3. In Europa bekommen [to get] Kinder Sigkeiten [sweets], Nsse, [nuts] und .............................................. 4. Die Puritaner bringen St. Nikolaus-Traditionen nach Amerika. richtig [correct] 5. Im 19. Jahrhundert [century]: Die Puritaner und Calvinisten verbieten [prohibit] Weihnachts-Feiern falsch [false] [Weihnachten = Christmas; die Feier = celebration]. Populre, nicht-christliche Weihnachtens-Feiern sind langweilig [boring] 6. wild und chaotisch exotisch Was ist neu im 19. Jahrhundert [century]? Katholiken in Amerika die Defintion von Kindheit [childhood] Das Datum [date] von Nikolaus 7. Thomas Nast macht Saint Nicholas populr. Wann zeichnet [draws] der Cartoonist Thomas Nast den Nikolaus mit Santa-Bauch [belly] und Pfeife [pipe]? 8. Wann existiert der amerikanische Standard Santa? 9. Was ist der Unterschied zwischen [difference between] dem amerikanischen Santa Claus und dem europischen Nikolaus? der europische Sankt Nikolaus ist alt, der amerikanische Santa Claus ist jung der europische Sankt Nikolaus ist alt, der amerikanische Santa Claus ist jung der europische Sankt Nikolaus ist bringt keine Geschenke [gifts], der amerikanische Santa Claus bringt Geschenke [gifts] der europische Sankt Nikolaus ist ein Bischof, der amerikanische Santa Claus kein Bischof. C) Text "Krampus: Saint Nicholas' Dark Companion" 1. Der Assistent von Nikolaus heit Knecht Ruprecht oder (or) Belsnickl oder Krampus. Der Name Krampus kommt aus.... Berlin den Alpen Liechtenstein 2. Der Krampus ist original (vor den Christen = pre-Christian times) nicht der Assistent von Nikolaus sondern (but rather): der Teufel (devil) Monster ein Dmon ein Wald (forrest)- 30. November 6. Dezember 3. Krampus-Tag (Nacht = night) ist der..... 30. Oktober D) Die Krampus-Postkarte Was hat Krampus in der Postkarte gemeinsam (in common) mit Nikolaus und Knecht Ruprecht? Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 100 Worksheet 22 Watch a video to learn about Nikolaus and his assistants. Answer the questions, based on the video linked below Video Adventskalender: Nikolaus Link: https://p.dw.com/p/1E03U A) Vor dem Hren [before listening] Das Theme [topic] ist Nikolaus Nehmen Sie die Vokabelliste fr Lektion 6. 1. Der Nikolaus-Tag ist in 2. Die Jahreszeit [season] 3. Der Nikolaus bringt November der Winter Gift Dezember die Winter Geschenke Januar das Winter Prsens Wie heit das Modal-Verb? Use the modal verb mssen in the correct form and select the correct verb for the ending of the sentence. Nur brave [well-behaved] kinder [children] bekommen Geschenke. Die Nikolaus-Regeln [rules]: 1. Alle Kinder [all children] ........................... ihre Zimmer [rooms] aufrumen/aufstehen. 2. Du .............................. die Hausaufgaben [homework] putzen/machen. 3. Ich .............................. in der Schule gut lernen/studieren. 4. Wir ............................. die Zhne [teeth] aufrumen/putzen. B) Hren First read the questions, then listen and answer. Try a few times, then use the transcript inthe answer key to rad along while listening. 1. Christmas heit Weihnachten. Was heit pre-Christmas-time? Was hren Sie? Ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Frhweihnachtszeit Vorweihnachtszeit Festweihnachtszeit das Nikolausfest am 6. Dezember. 2. Der historische Nikolaus ist der eilige 3. Der historische Nikolaus lebt [lives] im vierten 4. Der 6. Dezember ist der Todestag [day of death] day] heilige peinliche Nikolaus von Myra. fnften sechsten Jahrhundert [century] Feiertag [holiday] Namenstag [names ist Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 5. Wann stellt [puts] man Stiefel [boots] vor die Tr [door]? Was kommt in die Stiefel? Am Abend Vorabend Nikolaus mit Bonbons 6. 101 Nikolausabend werden Stiefel vor die Tr gestellt, damit sie der Leckereien Sigkeiten Nikolaus hat einen Begleiter [companion]. Der Begleiter ist regional verschieden [different]. In vielen [many] Regionen heit der Begleiter 7. Knecht Ruprecht Was soll [is supposed to] der Begleiter machen? Leberecht [Kinder = children] Der soll unartigen [naughty] Kindern Respekt 8. [candy] fllt. Disziplin einflen [to instill into s.o.] Frher [in the past] bekommen die Kinder am 6. Dezember die Weihnachtsgeschenke [Christmas gifts]. Was ist das Wort fr day of gift giving? Der 6. Dezember war frher in Deutschland der Geschenketag 9. Bescherungstag . Wo heit Nikolaus Sinterklaas und sein Begleiter ist der swarze Piet [black Pete]? In den Nachbarlndern Niederlanden und in Belgien Schweiz ist das noch immer so. Sinterklaas begleite vom zwarte Piet, dem schwarzen Peter, bringt den Kindern die Geschenke. 10. Wo heien die Begleiter [companions] von Nikolaus Buttnmandl und Kramperl? In Sddeutschland Norddeutschland und in sterreich Frankreich laufen am 5. und 6. Dezember Buttnmandl und Kramperl mit Sankt Nikolaus von Haus zu Haus.... Schauen Sie das Video mit Buttenmandl und Kramperl in YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k-xsskiwi0k C) Nach dem Hren Answer about you, in full sentences in German. Use a dictionary as needed (for example www.pons.eu; https://dict.tu-chemnitz.de/ ) 1. Was mchten Sie zu Nikolaus? Nsse Orangen Socken 2. Was ist das beste Weihnachtsgeschenk? 3. Was ist Ihr Lieblingsfeiertag? [favorite holiday] Schokolade ein Spiel Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 102 Worksheet 23 Listen, read along, and select/provide the correct words. SPRECHER: Der schnelle Genuss Imbiss Reinbiss [snack] fr zwischendurch. Mit geschnitten oder in einem Stck: die Currywurst. Es gibt sie mit oder mit einem . KUNDIN 1: Ein Muss, is ist isch eine Legende. KUNDIN 2: Sehr gut! PASSANTIN: Nach ner einer der langen Shopping-Tour braucht man was zur Belebung Ernhrung Strkung , und da lieb ich Currywurst mit Pommes. Das is ideal. PASSANT: Currywurst geht besser immer schlimmer . SPRECHER: Der Imbiss Kudamm 195 in Berlin-Charlottenburg: Die Zubereitung Zureitung Zuleitung geht schnell. Schneiden und wrzen, dann Ketchup oder eine scharfe Spezialsauce darbergeben. KLAUS-PETER BIER (Inhaber Kudamm 195): Es wird gebraten, stndig bewegt gelegt gedreht . Tglich frisches Fett muss sein, wo die Wurst drin gebraten wird. Was frn Fett, ist wieder ein Geheimnis. Jeder macht es anders. Wir haben unseres. , Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 103 SPRECHER: An die Imbissbuden gibt es in Berlin. Rund Currywrste im Jahr gehen allein an diesem Stand im Stadtteil Kreuzberg ber die Theke. Die Currywurst besteht hier aus fleisch. Es gibt sie mit Darm und eine Berliner Variante ohne Darm. DENNY REINHARDT (Imbissbude Curry 36): Berlin schlft ja nicht nich nit . In Berlin is immer was wat wars los. Ob dat nun die Handwerker sin, die Touristen. Am, grad am Wochenende meine Kollegen bis morgens um fnfe, manchmal mssen sie bis halb sechse, sechse verkaufen. Und wenn sie dann am Saubermachen sin, kommen die Leute noch rin und sagen um halb sieben: Was denn, schon alles Feierabend Reinmachen Freie-Machen ? Wir haben Hunger. Wir haben Hunger. KUNDIN 3: Das ist zwar nicht das Essen, aber es schmeckt, und wir sind im Urlaub, also warum nicht? SPRECHER: Die Berlinerin Herta Heuler Heuwer Heufer gilt als Erfinderin der Currywurst. Sie will als Erste mit Ketchup, Currypulver und Worcestershiresauce experimentiert haben. Ihre Sauce lie sie 1959 patentieren. Das dokumentiert das Deutsche Currywurstmuseum in Berlin. BIANCA WOHLFROMM (Deutsches Currywurst Museum): Sie mischte im September verschiedene Zutaten zusammen und kreierte die Currywurst. Sie nannte ihren Verkaufsstand auch die erste Currywurstbraterei der Welt. Und so wird ihr die Erfindungsgeschichte eigentlich hier in Berlin auch zugesagt. SPRECHER: Aber auch das Flurgebiet Ruhrgebiet Muhrgebiet und Hamburg beanspruchen, die Currywurst erfunden zu haben. Die Zubereitung variiert regional. So wurde der Hamburger Edelimbiss Curryqueen schon mehrfach im Gourmetfhrer Gault Millau erwhnt. Hochwertiges Fleisch mit Trffel vom Bffel vom Brzel oder auch Kobe-Rind Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 104 wird hier fettarm gegrillt. Die Beilagen: grner Salat oder hausgemachter Kartoffelsalat. Den Curry zum Wrzen knnen sich die Kunden selber aussuchen. BIANKA HABERMANN (Curry Queen): Wir haben verschiedene Currys von ganz mild bis extrem . Aber uns gehts natrlich viel mehr um die Aromen, weniger um die Schrfegrade. Es gibt eins mit Hibiskusblte, was dann wirklich lilafarben is. Das is ganz toll, das essen Kinder auch gerne, weil das ganz mild is und schn aussieht. Dann gibts eins mit Vanille, es gibt eins mit Zitronengras. Dann gibt's so n ganz klassisches Curry mit Schnittlauch Vorbauch Knoblauch - Ingwer. SPRECHER: Im Berliner Stadtteil Prenzlauer Berg ist man da nicht so whlerisch. An Konnopkes Traditionsimbiss begann schon 1960 im damaligen -Berlin das Geschft mit der Currywurst. Den Fleischhappen vom Pappteller probierten hier auch Prominente wie US-Star Liza Minelli. WALTRAUD ZIERVOGEL (Imbissstube Konnopke): Zu Ostzeiten gab es ja nur Tomatenmark, Tomatenpree, Tomatenpaste, was man zugeteilt bekommen hat, und da ham gekauft und dann ham hatten haben wir uns von drben 'ne Flasche Ketchup hatten haben wir so lange probiert, bis wir diesen Geschmack raushatten. SPRECHER: Ein Rezept, das seit Jahrzehnten gut ankommt: KUNDE: Das ist super bei Konnopke, und ich finde das auch wichtig, also gerade bei ner Currywurst, dann schmeckt sie auch richtig gut. Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 SPRECHER: Ob in Berlin, Hamburg oder im Ruhrgebiet: Die Currywurst zhlt in Deutschland zu den kulinarischen . 105 Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 106 Worksheet 24 Answer questions about the dialogs in the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E7RlLxU6Yek I) Vor dem Hren before listening Using the vocabulary lists for Lektionen 3 and 4 (in Canvas), translate the words/phrases: 1. Was darf ich Ihnen bringen? What is your name? What may I bring you? What can you recommend? 2. der Tee = .................................................. 3. der Apfel = .................................................. 4. der Kse = .................................................. 5. die Sahne = .................................................. 6. der Zucker = .................................................. 7. mit = .................................................. 8. ohne = .................................................. 9. die Dame = .................................................. 10. der Herr = .................................................. 11. zahlen = .................................................. 12. zusammen = .................................................. 13. getrennt = .................................................. 14. passend = .................................................. 15. das Kleingeld = .................................................. Elementary German: Language & Culture 1 107 II) Hren: im Caf (coffee shop) Read the questions, then listen to the audio of the video Kaffee und Kuchen in Youtube (link in Canvas) it has subtitles, so for this first step, please only listen, do not watch/read subtitles yet. The situation: A woman and a man are in a coffee shop (actually sitting outside) and order. They are served by a waitress. Part 1 -- Answer the questions about Audio part 1: 1. The waitress greets with Guten Morgen Guten Tag Guten Abend 2. The woman wants a ... chamomile tea peppermint tea Earl Grey tea 3. The tea is not available, so she orders a ........................................................ 4. The man asks for cake. What cake is he order? Apfelkuchen Schokoladenkuchen Ksekuchen 5. What cake does the woman order? Apfelkuchen 6. They want the cake Schokoladenkuchen Ksekuchen mit Sahne ohne Sahne Part 2 -- the waitress brings the cake and beverages 1. The waitress addresses the customers with cream 2. The woman asks for.... Herr und Frau milk Dame und Herr sugar Part 3 -- paying 1. The customers want to pay separate together 2. The bill is... 2,20 Euro 11,20 Euro 3. The waitress asks the man whether he can pay by card 12,20 Euro he has small change 4. The man counts out the money he hands over. What numbers do you hear? ______ ______ ______ ______ ______  ...